Chapter 12 (Helping) Flashcards
the theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one’s rewards and minimize one’s costs.
social-exchange theory
a motive (supposedly underlying all beh) to increase one’s own welfare. the opposite of altruism
egosim
an expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them
reciprocity norm
the mutual support and cooperation enabled by a social network
social capital
an expectation that people will help those needing help
social-responsibility norm
the idea that evolution has selected altruism toward one’s close relatives to enhance the survival of mutually shared genes
kin selection
the experience of another’s feelings;
putting oneself in other’s shoes
empathy
people are less likely to help when there are bystanders
bystander effect
When we help others:
Notice
interpret as emergency
assume responsibility
then we try to help
More likely to help when:
we have time,
similar to us,
after someone first turns down a large request, the same requester counter with a more reasonable request
door-in-the-face technique
the perception of certain individuals or groups as outside the boundary within which one applies moral values and rules of fairness.
moral exclusion
regarding others as within one’s circle of moral concern
moral inclusion
the result of bribing people to do what they already like doing; they may then see their actions as externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing.
over-justification effect
