Chapter 13 - Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection

Question 1

Carl Correns

Answer 1

first suggested central role for chromosomes; rediscovered Mendel’s work

Question 2

Walter Sutton

Answer 2

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance- observed that similar chromosomes paired w/ one another during meiosis; synapsis

Question 3

T.H. Morgan

Answer 3

• fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster

- discovered dominant/recessive bc of mutant male fly w/ white eyes

Question 4

Eye color gene resides on the:

Answer 4

X chromosome

Question 5

Humans have ___ total chromosomes.

• ___ pair(s) of autosomes
• ___ pair(s) of sex chromosomes

Answer 5

46, 22, 1

Question 6

Hemophilia

Answer 6

disease caused by X-linked allele that is faulty in blood-clotting

Question 7

Dosage compensation

Answer 7

amount of genetic material you must manipulate to ensure equal expression of genes from sex chromosomes

Question 8

Barr body

Answer 8

highly compacted, inactive X chromosome in females

Question 9

Alfred Sturtevant

Answer 9

-as physical distance on a chromosome increases, so does the probability of recombination (crossover) occurring between gene loci

Question 10

Three-point crosses determine ________. Two-point crosses determine _________.

Answer 10

order of genes; distances

Question 11

SNPs (Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms)

Answer 11

affect a single base of a gene locus; key enabler in realizing the concept of personalized medicine

Question 12

Aneuploidy

Answer 12

gain or loss of a chromosome

Question 13

Monosomy

Answer 13

loss of a chromosome

Question 14

Trisomy

Answer 14

gain of a chromosome

Question 15

Klinefelter Syndrome

Answer 15

XXY (males)

Question 16

Turner Sydrome

Answer 16

XO (females)

Question 17

nonviable zygotes-will not survive

Answer 17

OY

Question 18

Jacob Syndrome

Answer 18

XYY (males)

Question 19

genotype imprinting

Answer 19

phenotype exhibited by a particular allele depends on which parent contributed the allele to the offspring.

Question 20

amniocentesis

Answer 20

collects fetal cells from amniotic fluid

Question 21

chorionic villi sampling

Answer 21

collects cells from the placenta

Question 22

Mogan units or centimorgan units

Answer 22

measures from one loci to another