Chapter 13 - Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection Flashcards
Carl Correns
first suggested central role for chromosomes; rediscovered Mendel’s work
Walter Sutton
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance- observed that similar chromosomes paired w/ one another during meiosis; synapsis
T.H. Morgan
- fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster
- discovered dominant/recessive bc of mutant male fly w/ white eyes
Eye color gene resides on the:
X chromosome
Humans have ___ total chromosomes.
- ___ pair(s) of autosomes
- ___ pair(s) of sex chromosomes
46, 22, 1
Hemophilia
disease caused by X-linked allele that is faulty in blood-clotting
Dosage compensation
amount of genetic material you must manipulate to ensure equal expression of genes from sex chromosomes
Barr body
highly compacted, inactive X chromosome in females
Alfred Sturtevant
-as physical distance on a chromosome increases, so does the probability of recombination (crossover) occurring between gene loci
Three-point crosses determine ________. Two-point crosses determine _________.
order of genes; distances
SNPs (Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms)
affect a single base of a gene locus; key enabler in realizing the concept of personalized medicine
Aneuploidy
gain or loss of a chromosome
Monosomy
loss of a chromosome
Trisomy
gain of a chromosome
Klinefelter Syndrome
XXY (males)
Turner Sydrome
XO (females)
nonviable zygotes-will not survive
OY
Jacob Syndrome
XYY (males)
genotype imprinting
phenotype exhibited by a particular allele depends on which parent contributed the allele to the offspring.
amniocentesis
collects fetal cells from amniotic fluid
chorionic villi sampling
collects cells from the placenta
Mogan units or centimorgan units
measures from one loci to another
