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Physiology > Chapter 13 Blood, heart, circulation > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Blood, heart, circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Circulatory system can be divided into _______, ______, ___________

A

transportation, regulation, protection.

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2
Q

Transportation includes ____, ____, _____

A

Respiratory, Nutritive, Excretory

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3
Q

Respiratory of transportation includes

A

Red blood cells (erythyrocytes), transport oxygen to the cells.

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4
Q

Lub sound (1st) is produced by

A

closing of AV valves

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5
Q

Dub (2nd) sound is produced by

A

closing of semilunar valves

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6
Q

Myocardiac cells have RMP of

A

-90mv

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7
Q

P waves are caused by

A

atrial depolarization

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8
Q

QRS complex is caused by

A

ventricular depolarization

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9
Q

T wave results from

A

ventricular repolarization

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10
Q

Heart rate <60 beats per min is

A

bradycardia

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11
Q

Heart rate >100 beats per min is

A

tachycardia

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12
Q

In flutter, contraction rates can be

A

200-300 bpm

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13
Q

In fibrillation,

A

contraction of myocardial cells is uncoordinated and pumping ineffective

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14
Q

Ventricular fibrillation is

A

life threatening

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15
Q

Electrical defibrillation..

A

resynchronizes heart by depolarizing all cells at same time

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16
Q

At rest, the heart of an adult pumps about

A

5 liters of blood per minute

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17
Q

Fluid derived from plasma that passes out of the capillary walls into the surrounding tissues is called

A

interstitial fluid

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18
Q

Lymph node _____ the lymph prior to its return to the venous blood

A

cleanse

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19
Q

Formed elements make up ___ of total blood volume

A

45%

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20
Q

Hematocrit is __ to ___ in women

A

36%-46%

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21
Q

Hematocrit is _____ to ____ in men

A

41%-53%

22
Q

Major solute of plasma is

A

Na+ (Sodium)

23
Q

3 types of plasma proteins are

A

Albumins
Globulins
Fibrinogen

24
Q

Albumin are the most _____ accounting for (____ to _____ )

A

abundant, 60%-80%

25
Q

Albumin action is

A

needed to maintain blood volume and pressure

26
Q

Globulins are categorized into

A

Alpha, Beta, Gamma globulins

27
Q

Alpha & Beta globulin purpose

A

to transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins

28
Q

Gamma globulins are

A

antibodies produced by lymphocytes, function in immunity

29
Q

Fibrinogen is important

A

in clotting and is produced by the liver

30
Q

Difference between serum and plasma is

A

plasma contains clotting factor, fibrinogen

31
Q

A cubic millimeter of blood contains _________ erythrocytes in males

A

5.1-5.8 million

32
Q

A cubic millimeter of blood contains ______ erythrocytes in females

A

4.3-5.2 million

33
Q

A cubic millimeter of blood contains _____ leukocytes in males/females

A

5,000-9,000

34
Q

RBC’s have a life span of and are removed by _____ cells in the _____, _____, _____

A

120 days , phagocytic cells, liver, spleen, bone marrow

35
Q

Each erythrocyte contains _____ million hemoglobin molecules

A

280 million

36
Q

How many RBC’s are produced daily?

A

200 billion

37
Q

Which are the 3 granular leukocytes?

A

Eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

38
Q

Eosinophils have a ____ stain

A

pink

39
Q

Basophils have a _____ stain

A

blue

40
Q

Neutrophils account for _____ of leukocytes

A

50-70%

41
Q

Two types of agranular leukocytes

A

Lymphocytes, Monocytes

42
Q

Platelet count per cubic millimeter of blood ranges from _______

A

130,000 to 400,000

43
Q

Platelets play an important role in

A

blood clotting, release serotonin (chemical that stimulates constriction of blood vessels (vasoconstriction)-reducing the flow of blood to injured area)

44
Q

Neutrophil abundance/function

A

54-62%, phagocytic

45
Q

Eosinophil abundance/function

A

1-3%, secrete antihistamines, helps detoxify foregin substances, secretes enzymes that dissolves clots, fights parasitic infections

46
Q

Basophil abundance/function

A

less than 1%, releases anticoagulant heparin, histamine (attract wbc’s), intensify inflammation, (allergies)

47
Q

Monocyte abundace/function

A

3-9%, phagocytic

48
Q

Lymphocyte abundace/function

A

25-33%, provides specific immune response (antibodies)

49
Q

Erythropoiesis is and stimulated by

A

formation of RBCs, stimulated by ertyropoietin by kidneys

50
Q

Leukopoiesis is and stimulated by

A

formation of WBC’s, stimulated by cytokines

Physiology (6 decks)

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