Chapter 13 Blood, heart, circulation

Question 1

Circulatory system can be divided into _______, ______, ___________

Answer 1

transportation, regulation, protection.

Question 2

Transportation includes ____, ____, _____

Answer 2

Respiratory, Nutritive, Excretory

Question 3

Respiratory of transportation includes

Answer 3

Red blood cells (erythyrocytes), transport oxygen to the cells.

Question 4

Lub sound (1st) is produced by

Answer 4

closing of AV valves

Question 5

Dub (2nd) sound is produced by

Answer 5

closing of semilunar valves

Question 6

Myocardiac cells have RMP of

Answer 6

-90mv

Question 7

P waves are caused by

Answer 7

atrial depolarization

Question 8

QRS complex is caused by

Answer 8

ventricular depolarization

Question 9

T wave results from

Answer 9

ventricular repolarization

Question 10

Heart rate <60 beats per min is

Answer 10

bradycardia

Question 11

Heart rate >100 beats per min is

Answer 11

tachycardia

Question 12

In flutter, contraction rates can be

Answer 12

200-300 bpm

Question 13

In fibrillation,

Answer 13

contraction of myocardial cells is uncoordinated and pumping ineffective

Question 14

Ventricular fibrillation is

Answer 14

life threatening

Question 15

Electrical defibrillation..

Answer 15

resynchronizes heart by depolarizing all cells at same time

Question 16

At rest, the heart of an adult pumps about

Answer 16

5 liters of blood per minute

Question 17

Fluid derived from plasma that passes out of the capillary walls into the surrounding tissues is called

Answer 17

interstitial fluid

Question 18

Lymph node _____ the lymph prior to its return to the venous blood

Answer 18

cleanse

Question 19

Formed elements make up ___ of total blood volume

Answer 19

45%

Question 20

Hematocrit is __ to ___ in women

Answer 20

36%-46%

Question 21

Hematocrit is _____ to ____ in men

Answer 21

41%-53%

Question 22

Major solute of plasma is

Answer 22

Na+ (Sodium)

Question 23

3 types of plasma proteins are

Answer 23

Albumins
Globulins
Fibrinogen

Question 24

Albumin are the most _____ accounting for (____ to _____ )

Answer 24

abundant, 60%-80%

Question 25

Albumin action is

Answer 25

needed to maintain blood volume and pressure

Question 26

Globulins are categorized into

Answer 26

Alpha, Beta, Gamma globulins

Question 27

Alpha & Beta globulin purpose

Answer 27

to transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins

Question 28

Gamma globulins are

Answer 28

antibodies produced by lymphocytes, function in immunity

Question 29

Fibrinogen is important

Answer 29

in clotting and is produced by the liver

Question 30

Difference between serum and plasma is

Answer 30

plasma contains clotting factor, fibrinogen

Question 31

A cubic millimeter of blood contains _________ erythrocytes in males

Answer 31

5.1-5.8 million

Question 32

A cubic millimeter of blood contains ______ erythrocytes in females

Answer 32

4.3-5.2 million

Question 33

A cubic millimeter of blood contains _____ leukocytes in males/females

Answer 33

5,000-9,000

Question 34

RBC's have a life span of and are removed by _____ cells in the _____, _____, _____

Answer 34

120 days , phagocytic cells, liver, spleen, bone marrow

Question 35

Each erythrocyte contains _____ million hemoglobin molecules

Answer 35

280 million

Question 36

How many RBC's are produced daily?

Answer 36

200 billion

Question 37

Which are the 3 granular leukocytes?

Answer 37

Eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils

Question 38

Eosinophils have a ____ stain

Answer 38

pink

Question 39

Basophils have a _____ stain

Answer 39

blue

Question 40

Neutrophils account for _____ of leukocytes

Answer 40

50-70%

Question 41

Two types of agranular leukocytes

Answer 41

Lymphocytes, Monocytes

Question 42

Platelet count per cubic millimeter of blood ranges from _______

Answer 42

130,000 to 400,000

Question 43

Platelets play an important role in

Answer 43

blood clotting, release serotonin (chemical that stimulates constriction of blood vessels (vasoconstriction)-reducing the flow of blood to injured area)

Question 44

Neutrophil abundance/function

Answer 44

54-62%, phagocytic

Question 45

Eosinophil abundance/function

Answer 45

1-3%, secrete antihistamines, helps detoxify foregin substances, secretes enzymes that dissolves clots, fights parasitic infections

Question 46

Basophil abundance/function

Answer 46

less than 1%, releases anticoagulant heparin, histamine (attract wbc's), intensify inflammation, (allergies)

Question 47

Monocyte abundace/function

Answer 47

3-9%, phagocytic

Question 48

Lymphocyte abundace/function

Answer 48

25-33%, provides specific immune response (antibodies)

Question 49

Erythropoiesis is and stimulated by

Answer 49

formation of RBCs, stimulated by ertyropoietin by kidneys

Question 50

Leukopoiesis is and stimulated by

Answer 50

formation of WBC's, stimulated by cytokines