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Science > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work or cause change

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2
Q

Equation for power

A

Energy transferred over time

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3
Q

Power

A

The rate at which work is done

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4
Q

What are the two kind ls of energy?

A

Kinetic and potential

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5
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy an object has due to its motion

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6
Q

Equation for kinetic energy

A

One half times mass times velocity squared

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7
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy resulting from the position or shape of the object

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8
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

Potential energy related to a objects height

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9
Q

Equation for gravitational potential energy

A

Weight times height

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10
Q

Equation for work

A

Force times distance

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11
Q

Elastic potential energy

A

The potential energy associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed

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12
Q

Mechanical energy

A

The energy associated with the position and motion of the object

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13
Q

Equation for mechanical energy

A

Potential energy plus kinetic energy

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14
Q

What are the five types of energy associated with particles of objects

A 
Thermal energy 
Electrical energy 
Chemical energy 
Nuclear energy 
Electromagnetic energy
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15
Q

Thermal energy

A

The total potential and kinetic energies of the particles of an object

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16
Q

Electrical energy

A

The energy of electric charges

17
Q

Chemical energy

A

Potential energy stored in chemical bonds

18
Q

Nuclear energy

A

A type of potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

19
Q

Electromagnetic energy

A

Energy that travels in waves

20
Q

Energy transformation

A

A change from one force of energy to another

There are single and multiple transformations

21
Q

What is the most common energy transformation

A

The transformation between potential energy and kinetic energy

22
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

When one form of energy is transformed to another no energy is created or destroyed
The total amount of energy is the same before and after any transformation

23
Q

What happens when a moving object experiences friction?

A

Some of its kinetic energy is transformed into thermal energy

24
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

25
Q

What is Einsteins theory of relativity?

A

That energy can be created by destroying matter

26
Q

Fossil fuels

A

Made from materials formed hundreds of millions of years ago

27
Q

Three types of fossil fuels

A

Coal, oil and natural gas

28
Q

Where do fossil fuels get their energy

A

Contain energy that comes from the sun

29
Q

Combustion

A

The process of burning fuels to release chemical energy

30
Q

Is the following sentence true or false? A fuel is a material that stores chemical potential energy.

A

True

31
Q

What are some examples of fossil fuels?

A

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas

32
Q

Where did the energy in fossil fuels come from?

A

The sun

33
Q

What energy transformation takes place in the sun?

A

Nuclear energy is transformed into electromagnetic energy, as well as others

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