chapter 13 Flashcards
latin american city model
combines elements of Latin American Culture and globalization by combining radial sectors and concentric zones
squatter settlements
any collection of buildings where the people have no legal rights to the land they are built upon. The people are living there illegally and do not own the land
central city
an urban settlement, independent, self governing unit
urban area
a central city and its surrounding suburbs
urban cluster
urban area with 2500 to 50000 inhabitants
MSA
metropolitan statistical area
mSA (or uSA)
micropolitan statistical area
CBSA
core based statistical area
CSA
combined statistical area
PSA
primary statistical area
the micropolitan statistical area in the CBSA
st francis county
concentric zone model
developed in 1923 by E.W. Burgess
a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of 5 rings
concentric zone model rings
1) CBD
2) zone of transition
3) zone of independent workers’ homes
4) zone of better residence
5) commuter’s zone
sector model
1939 by homer hoyt
groups are arranged around a series of sectors radiating from the CBD
sector model wedges
1) CBD
2) transportation and industry
3) low class residential
4) middle class residential
5) high class residential
multiple nuclei model
1954 by CD Harris and EL Ullman
social groups are arranged around nodes and activities
multiple nuclei zones
1) cbd
2) wholesale, light manufacturing
3) low class residential
4) middle class residential
5) high class residential
6) heavy manufacturing
7) outlying business district
8) residential suburb
9) industrial suburb
why have manufacturing and residential areas excluded from the cbd
a need for suitable land and affordable living
when and where did the first skyscrapers appear
chicago 1880s
who created the edge city model
garreau
social area analysis
living standards, ethnic background, and lifestyle
census tract
5000 residents correspond when possible in neighborhoods
the census bureau divides americas neighborhoods into tracts of about ___
5000
what kind of census data are used in social area analysis
concentric
multiple nuclei
sector
what does concentric show geographers
two families with the same income and ethnic backgrounds
what does sector show geographers
two families with different incomes and same background
what does multiple nuclei show geographers
people with same background
why is there a limitation to applying models to the various urban areas of the world
it only works with minorities and clusters
europe v america: residences
live more downtown in cities
europe v america: consumer services
more day to day consumer services
beauty attraction
nightlife
europe v america: public services
public and semi public services
parks or private gardens
europe v america: business services
professional and financial services
skyscrapers unlikely
renovation of older buildings
what number on the multiple nuclei would the edge city be
8
what does concentric predict about europe
new housing in outer rings
newer suburban housing
what does sector predict about europe
wealthy used to live near royal palace
moved to sw france
what does multiple nuclei predict about europe
most ethnic and racial minorities reside in the suburbs or paris
informal settlements
housing for illegal residents
name for slums in latin america
borriadas
name for slums in north africa
bidonvilles
name for slums in india
bartees
name for slums in turkey
gecekondu
name for slums in malaysia
kampongs
name for slums in philippines
bureng-borang
why do informal settlements have few services
neither the city nor the residents can afford them
why do informal settlements appear in large rings around developing world cities
large population of minorities
how does concentric explain developing world cities
inner is rich
outer is poor
how does multiple nuclei explain developing world cities
alien zones where immigrants work and live
how does sector explain developing world cities
wealthy people attracted to center
how did the government keep races separated during apartheid in 1948-1994
creating barriers
what are some reasons people move to suburbs
single family dwellings
space for cars
greater opportunity for home ownership
council of government
cooperative agency of representatives
smart growth
legislation and regulations limit suburban growth
in what ways do geographers argue american suburban areas are segregated
social classes
land uses
what is the reason behind leaving green belt areas amid the development and sprawl of cities
to limit growth and designate open space
rush hour
15 minute periods that have the heaviest traffic
place
specific point on earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic
region
an area on earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics
scale
relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole
space
physical gap or interval between two objects
connection
relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
issues faced by underclass
inadequate job skills culture of poverty homelessness drugs crime inadequate services municipal finances
why do upper class people find deteriorated neighborhoods attractive
larger and more sustainably constructed
architectural details
eliminates strain of community
near activities
CCS
dealing with waste CO2
capturing it
transfer
putting it in the ground
diesel
burns fuel more efficiently
hybrid
when gas is not efficient an electric motor takes over
ethanol
fuel made by distilling crops such as sugarcane corn soybeans
electric
no gas engine, entirely off a battery
plug in
battery supplies power at all speeds
fuel cells
uses oxygen to produce an electric charge
