Agriculture Flashcards
the primary purpose of commercial agriculture
to make a profit
percentage of labor force engaged in agriculture in the US, MDCs, LDCs and india
us - 2%
MDCs - 2-5%
LDCs - 50%
India - 52%
what is subsistence agriculture and where does it exist
agriculture designed to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and his family
exist in developing countries (asia)
what was the first agricultural revolution
neolithic revolution
what was the green revolution
the rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques in the 1970s and 1980s
how did the enclosure movement in england alter agriculture practices in england
forced small farmers to give up farmland
forced migration to cities
farmers became tenants
what invention dramatically changed the geography of cattle ranching and why
barbed wire
what is a CAFO
concentrated animal feeding operation
what are the issues surrounding sustainable agriculture in the united states and throughout the world
loss of farmland to urbanization
the most practiced economic activity in the world
intensive subsistence agriculture
what type of diffusion is most closely related with the Columbia Exchange
relocation diffusion
subsistence agriculture dominates in
less developed countries
growing only enough food to feed your family is an example of
subsistence agriculture
the invention of agriculture
the process was gradual
there were multiple hearths throughout the world
according to carl sauer, what best characterized the invention of plant domestication
the process was gradual
a number of hearths were established
hearths developed in areas with high biodiversity
according to carl sauer why did vegetative planting first start in southeast asia?
the regions high biodiversity allowed people to become more sedentary, which naturally led to experimentation to plants
all of the following were vegetative planting hearths except
southwest asia
what area of the world first incorporated the domestication of both plants and animals
southwest asia
what combination of animals were domesticated in southwest asia
sheep and goat
which pairing of animals and region is not correct
cattle - south asia
which famous cultural geographer theorized that the invention of agriculture took place in multiple hearts
carl sauer
____ did not contain and agricultural hearth
Europe
agriculture first diffused to europe from ___
southwest asia
europeans evolved from farming a single field in early medieval times to rotating crops into how many different sections or field by the 18th century
four
what conclusion can one make regarding the connection between the second agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution
advancements in agricultural production helped feed the expanding population
technological advancements helped increase agricultural production
the second agricultural revolution coincided with ___
the industrial revolution
the enclosure movement altered the geography and agricultural practices of england by
consolidating oddly shaped fields
encouraging the use of more farm machinery
Koppen climatic classification system
there is a direct relationship between the patterns on both maps
which statement regarding agricultural regions with respect to Whitttlessey’s Agricultural Regions map is no longer applicable
plantation agriculture doesn’t exist in north america anymore
shifting cultivation is still practiced in ___
south america
shifting cultivation is a threatened form of agriculture because of ___
competition for resources from mining and logging companies
population increase
why do societies practicing shifting cultivation only farm the same plot of land for one to two years
tropical soils a poor in nutrients
all of the following are characteristics of shifting cultivation except ___
primogentric land ownership dominates shifting cultivation societies
swidden agriculture refers to ___
clearing land to farm using slash and burn techniques
only farming cleared land for one to two years
the process by which people engaged in shifting cultivation plant crops of varying heights in order to protect lower crops is called ___
intertillage
pastoral nomadism is still a dominant way of life in ___
central asia
pastoral nomadism predominates in ___
semi-arid deserts
deserts
all of the following are characteristics of pastoral nomads except ___
they only consume animal products and animal by products
herders who seasonally move their animals mountain pastures and lowland valleys practice ___
transhumance
pastoral nomads do not typical herd ___
cattle
livestock ranching and pastoral nomadism both
exist in environments too harsh for crop production
pastoral nomads potentially contribute to desertification by
overgrazing
what agricultural technique allows subsistence farmers to support a large population with a small amount of arable land
double cropping
another term for pastoral nomadism is
extensive subsistence agriculture
nomadic herding
an example of extensive subsistence agriculture
slash and burn
nomadic herding
extensive subsistence agriculture predominates in ___
semi-arid deserts
the agricultural practice most commonly associated with intensive subsistence agriculture is
paddy rice farming
technology essential for intensive subsistence agriculture
irrigation
explain why a piece of land is used intensively or extensively
distance to the market
what is not an example of intensive commercial agriculture
paddy rice farming
not an environmental impact on commercial farming
contribution to the urban heat island effect
not a major dairy producing area
southeast united states
most cereal grains in the US are ___
fed to livestock
most widely produced grains in the world
wheat
rice
maize
the country that produces the most maize in the world
United States
