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AP HuGe > Agriculture > Flashcards

Agriculture Flashcards

1
Q

the primary purpose of commercial agriculture

A

to make a profit

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2
Q

percentage of labor force engaged in agriculture in the US, MDCs, LDCs and india

A

us - 2%
MDCs - 2-5%
LDCs - 50%
India - 52%

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3
Q

what is subsistence agriculture and where does it exist

A

agriculture designed to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and his family
exist in developing countries (asia)

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4
Q

what was the first agricultural revolution

A

neolithic revolution

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5
Q

what was the green revolution

A

the rapid diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques in the 1970s and 1980s

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6
Q

how did the enclosure movement in england alter agriculture practices in england

A

forced small farmers to give up farmland
forced migration to cities
farmers became tenants

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7
Q

what invention dramatically changed the geography of cattle ranching and why

A

barbed wire

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8
Q

what is a CAFO

A

concentrated animal feeding operation

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9
Q

what are the issues surrounding sustainable agriculture in the united states and throughout the world

A

loss of farmland to urbanization

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10
Q

the most practiced economic activity in the world

A

intensive subsistence agriculture

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11
Q

what type of diffusion is most closely related with the Columbia Exchange

A

relocation diffusion

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12
Q

subsistence agriculture dominates in

A

less developed countries

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13
Q

growing only enough food to feed your family is an example of

A

subsistence agriculture

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14
Q

the invention of agriculture

A

the process was gradual

there were multiple hearths throughout the world

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15
Q

according to carl sauer, what best characterized the invention of plant domestication

A

the process was gradual
a number of hearths were established
hearths developed in areas with high biodiversity

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16
Q

according to carl sauer why did vegetative planting first start in southeast asia?

A

the regions high biodiversity allowed people to become more sedentary, which naturally led to experimentation to plants

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17
Q

all of the following were vegetative planting hearths except

A

southwest asia

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18
Q

what area of the world first incorporated the domestication of both plants and animals

A

southwest asia

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19
Q

what combination of animals were domesticated in southwest asia

A

sheep and goat

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20
Q

which pairing of animals and region is not correct

A

cattle - south asia

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21
Q

which famous cultural geographer theorized that the invention of agriculture took place in multiple hearts

A

carl sauer

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22
Q

____ did not contain and agricultural hearth

A

Europe

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23
Q

agriculture first diffused to europe from ___

A

southwest asia

24
Q

europeans evolved from farming a single field in early medieval times to rotating crops into how many different sections or field by the 18th century

A

four

25
Q

what conclusion can one make regarding the connection between the second agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution

A

advancements in agricultural production helped feed the expanding population
technological advancements helped increase agricultural production

26
Q

the second agricultural revolution coincided with ___

A

the industrial revolution

27
Q

the enclosure movement altered the geography and agricultural practices of england by

A

consolidating oddly shaped fields

encouraging the use of more farm machinery

28
Q

Koppen climatic classification system

A

there is a direct relationship between the patterns on both maps

29
Q

which statement regarding agricultural regions with respect to Whitttlessey’s Agricultural Regions map is no longer applicable

A

plantation agriculture doesn’t exist in north america anymore

30
Q

shifting cultivation is still practiced in ___

A

south america

31
Q

shifting cultivation is a threatened form of agriculture because of ___

A

competition for resources from mining and logging companies

population increase

32
Q

why do societies practicing shifting cultivation only farm the same plot of land for one to two years

A

tropical soils a poor in nutrients

33
Q

all of the following are characteristics of shifting cultivation except ___

A

primogentric land ownership dominates shifting cultivation societies

34
Q

swidden agriculture refers to ___

A

clearing land to farm using slash and burn techniques

only farming cleared land for one to two years

35
Q

the process by which people engaged in shifting cultivation plant crops of varying heights in order to protect lower crops is called ___

A

intertillage

36
Q

pastoral nomadism is still a dominant way of life in ___

A

central asia

37
Q

pastoral nomadism predominates in ___

A

semi-arid deserts

deserts

38
Q

all of the following are characteristics of pastoral nomads except ___

A

they only consume animal products and animal by products

39
Q

herders who seasonally move their animals mountain pastures and lowland valleys practice ___

A

transhumance

40
Q

pastoral nomads do not typical herd ___

A

cattle

41
Q

livestock ranching and pastoral nomadism both

A

exist in environments too harsh for crop production

42
Q

pastoral nomads potentially contribute to desertification by

A

overgrazing

43
Q

what agricultural technique allows subsistence farmers to support a large population with a small amount of arable land

A

double cropping

44
Q

another term for pastoral nomadism is

A

extensive subsistence agriculture

nomadic herding

45
Q

an example of extensive subsistence agriculture

A

slash and burn

nomadic herding

46
Q

extensive subsistence agriculture predominates in ___

A

semi-arid deserts

47
Q

the agricultural practice most commonly associated with intensive subsistence agriculture is

A

paddy rice farming

48
Q

technology essential for intensive subsistence agriculture

A

irrigation

49
Q

explain why a piece of land is used intensively or extensively

A

distance to the market

50
Q

what is not an example of intensive commercial agriculture

A

paddy rice farming

51
Q

not an environmental impact on commercial farming

A

contribution to the urban heat island effect

52
Q

not a major dairy producing area

A

southeast united states

53
Q

most cereal grains in the US are ___

A

fed to livestock

54
Q

most widely produced grains in the world

A

wheat
rice
maize

55
Q

the country that produces the most maize in the world

A

United States

AP HuGe (4 decks)

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