Chapter 13 Flashcards
What two sea routes did forty-niners take to California?
Some went by sea to Central America, crossed to the Pacific, then took a ship to California. Others went completely by sea all around the tip of South America.
What were the five provisions of the Compromise of 1850?
- California be admitted as a free state.
- The slave trade be abolished in the Washington DC.
- A federally forced fugitive slave law be adopted.
- Slavery in the District of Columbia be protected.
- New territories of New Mexico and Utah be organized without reference to and restrictions in slavery.
Why did some Northerners who were not abolitionists oppose the Fugitive Slave Law?
They feared that the lack of safeguards in the law could result in free blacks being kidnapped and sent into slavery.
What was the single most important piece of abolitionist propaganda? Who was its author?
“Uncle Tom’s Cabin” - Harriet Beecher Stowe
*Should Christians have obeyed or violated the Fugitive Slave Law?
Know what it was and form a opinion
Why did Stephen Douglas propose the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
He wanted to organize the territories west of the Missouri to build a transcontinental railroad, and he wanted to win southern support for the effort.
What three events during the period of May 21–25, 1856, focused national attention on Kansas?
- Sacking of Lawrence, Kansas
- Sumner Brooks Episode
- Pottawatomie Massacre
What did the Dred Scott decision do to the Missouri Compromise?
Declared it unconstitutional, because it deprived slaveholders of their property in territories north of the 36° 30’.
Why did Stephen Douglas break with President James Buchanan?
Buchanan tried to force a proslavery constitution in Kansas, although the majority of settlers there were antislavery.
How did Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas differ concerning the expansion of slavery?
Douglas believed it was a matter for the settlers in the territories to decide for themselves.
Lincoln opposed all expansion of slavery.
Why did John Brown raid the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
He wanted to supply arms for a slave revolt in the south.
Name the four presidential candidates and their parties in the election of 1860.
- Lincoln - Republican
- Douglas - Northern Democrat
- John Bell - Constitutional Union
- John C. Breckinridge - Southern Democrat
Which was the first Southern state to secede from the Union? When did it secede?
South Carolina on December 20, 1860.
What event marked the beginning of the Civil War?
Firing on Fort Sumter
*Explain the essential positions in favor of and against the principle of secession.
Individual sovereign states retained all other rights and authority, even if unspecified, and in no way surrendered any of their sovereignty. Having entered the Union, they could at any
time leave the Union voluntarily. Those taking an opposing view pointed to Article V of the Constitution and noted that it does not recognize the states as independently sovereign in terms of amending the Constitution.
What view of the status of slavery in the territories was expressed in the Wilmot Proviso? the Calhoun Resolutions? popular sovereignty?
Wilmot prohibited slavery in the territories acquired by Mexico.
Calhoun Resolutions protected slavery in all territories.
Popular sovereignty - residents of a territory decide if it’s free or slave.
