Chapter 13 Flashcards
Pinel
A post brutal treatment and proposed moral treatment the madness of sickness of mine caused by severe stress and inhumane treatment
The biopsychosocial approach
General approach posting that biological psychological and social cultural factors All play significant role in human functioning in the context of disease or illness
Attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder
ADHD
11% of 4 to 17 yr olds receive this diagnosis
2.5% have adhd symtoms
•treated with meds and therapy
Classification in psychiatry and psychology
- provides name and description.
- Simply to the future of the disorder
- suggest treatment
DSM-5
American psychiatric Association 2013 diagnosis and statistical manual of mental disorders
Criticism: contributes to pathologist my of everyday life and system labels are society’s value judgements
Anxiety disorders
Marked by discussing persistent anxiety or Maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
Generalized anxiety disorder
Person is constantly tense and uneasy for no apparent reason
- 2/3 are women
- decreases with age
Panic disorder
Person experiences sudden episodes of intense Dread and often as if you have the next attack might strike
-smoking increases risk for attacks
Phobias
Person feels irrationally and intensely afraid of a specific object or situation
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Person is troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions
Post traumatic stress disorder
Person has lingering memories nightmares and other symptoms for weeks after severely threatening and Uncontrollable event
Stimulus generalization
Fearful event can cause one to be scared of similar events
hyper vigilance
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Natural selection
Biological preparedness to fear threats Easily conditioned and difficult to extinguish
Substance use disorder
Involves continued substance craving and use despite significant like disruptions and or physical risk
Psychoactive drugs
Include chemicals that change perceptions and mood
Drug effectiveness
Depends on biological effects in the users psychological expectations
What are the three major categories of psychoactive drugs?
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Alcohol
Depressant -unleashes urges -slowed neural processing (Sympathetic nervous system slows) -memory disruption
Warning signs of alcohol use disorder
- binge drinking
- craving alcohol
- use results in unfinished work
- continued use when risky
- can’t drink less often
- avoiding family or friends when drinking
Barbiturate
Depressant
- stop activity of central nervous system reducing anxiety by and Perry memory and judgment
- Nembutal, Seconal, Amytal
Opiates
Depressant
-slows breathing, causes lethargy ,depresses neural activity, temporary Lessing pain and anxiety, causes with drawl
-opium and its derivatives such as codeine, morphine and heroin
Addictive
Stimulant drugs
- dilation of pupils increase in heart and breathing rates rise in blood sugar and drop an appetite. Often involve increases energy and self-confidence
- caffeine, nicotine and amphetamines (cocaine, ecstasy and meth)
Nicotine
Cigno central nervous system to release a flood of neurotransmitters
- diminishes appetite
- boost alertness and mental efficiency -calms anxiety and reduces sensitivity to pain
Cocaine
- stimulant
- quick rush of euphoria
- involves crash of agitated depression
Hallucinogens
Distort perceptions and call up sensory images without any input from the senses
Marijuana
Continue THC
- increase sensitivity to colors sounds and a tastes and smells
- relaxes, disinhibition and impair motor and perceptual skills and reaction time
LSD
Hallucinogen
- acid
- interferes with serotonin neurotransmitter system
Major depressive disorder
- A persistent state of helpless depression.
- Occurs when signs of depression less to aerobics and I’m not caused by drugs or medical condition
Bipolar disorder
- and I’ll turn nation between depression and overexcited hyperactivity
- may include seasonal patterns involves a search and diagnosis
Suicide and self injury
- suicide: 1 million ppl worldwide
- nonsuicidal self injury(NSS) :cutting burning etc
The depressed brain
- Brian activity slows
- less frontal lobe activity
- scarcity of norepinephrine and serotonin
-most major episodes end on their own
Cycle of depressed thinking
- stressful experiences
- neg explanatory style
- depressed mood
- cognitive and behavioral changes
Schizophrenia
Psychological disorder characterized by delusions hallucinations disorganized speech and diminished inappropriate emotional expression
- slow or fast onset
- recovery is harder for slow onset
- men struck earlier, harder, and more often
- excess dopamine receptors
- all part of brain don’t connect
- low frontal activity
- rapid brain tissue loss
What prenatal things can cause schizophrenia
- low birth weight
- lack of oxygen during delivery
- maternal prenatal nutrition
- mid pregnacy viral infection
What are odd of schizophrenia
1/100
-1/10 for those with diagnosed fam member
Anorexia nervosa
Person who maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight
-usually teenage Female
Bulimia nervosa
Person alternates binge eating with purging fasting or excessive exercise
Binge eating disorder
Significant binge eating followed by distress discuss our doubts but without the purging testing our excessive exercise that Marks bulimia Nervosa
Dissociative disorder
Conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories thoughts and feelings
Dissociative identity disorder (DID)
Where dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities also called multiple personality disorder
Critics of dissociative disorder
- short history of DID
- lower incidence outside of North America
- suggest it could be self perception instead of a disorder
Personality disorder
Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning may include withdrawal or avoidance of social contact insecurity, or manipulative behaviors
Personality disorder
Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning may include withdrawal or avoidance of social contact insecurity instability or manipulative behaviors
Antisocial personality disorder
Lack of conscious for wrongdoing even as friends and family members impulsive fearless irresponsible some genetic tendency including lower arousal
-typically make images before 15
Psychological disorder
A syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in the person’s thoughts feelings and behaviors
