Chapter 13

Question 0

Population

Answer 0

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time

Question 1

Natural selection

Answer 1

A process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits

Question 2

Evolutionary adaptation

Answer 2

A populations increase in the frequency of a traits suited to the environment

Question 3

Fossils

Answer 3

Imprints or remains of an organism that lived in the past.

Question 4

Fossil record

Answer 4

Ordered sequence of fossils as they appear in the rock layers marking the passage of geologic time

Question 5

Biogeography

Answer 5

Geographic distribution of species

Question 6

Comparative anatomy

Answer 6

The comparison of body structures in different species

Question 7

Homology

Answer 7

Similarity in structure do to common ancestry

Question 8

Vestigial structures

Answer 8

Are remnants of features that served important functions in organisms ancestors such as the rear leg bones evident in ancient whale fossil.

Question 9

Evolutionary tree

Answer 9

Where biologist represent patterns of descent, although today they usually turn the tree sideways.

Question 10

Modern synthesis

Answer 10

Fusion of genetics with evolutionary biology

Question 11

Gene pool

Answer 11

The total collection of alleles in a population at one time

Question 12

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium

Answer 12

A non-living population is in genetic equilibrium

Question 13

Microevolution

Answer 13

Evolution viewed on the smallest scale

Question 14

Genetic drift

Answer 14

a change in the gene pool of a population due to chance

Question 15

Bottleneck effect

Answer 15

Genetic drift due to a drastic reduction in population size

Question 16

Founder effect

Answer 16

The type of genetic drift resulting from the establishment of a small, new population his gene pool differs from that of the parent population

Question 17

Gene flow

Answer 17

Where a population may gain or lose alleles are in fertile individuals move into or out of the population or when gametes are transferred between populationa

Question 18

Fitness

Answer 18

The contribution and individual makes to the gene pool of the next-generation relative to the contributions of other individuals

Question 19

Directional selection

Answer 19

Chefs the overall make up of a population by selecting in favor of one extreme phenotype.

Question 20

Disruptive selection

Answer 20

Can lead to a balance between two or more contrasting phenotypes in a population.

Question 21

Stabilizing selection

Answer 21

Pavers intermediate phenotypes

Question 22

Sexual selection

Answer 22

A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain traits are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates

Question 23

Sexual Dimorphism

Answer 23

The distinction in a appearance, is often manifested in a size difference