chapter 13 Flashcards
two systems in the structural organisation of the nervous system (+definition)
central nervous system (CNS) - consists of the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS) - consists of all the neurones that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. These are the sensory neurones which carry nerve impulses from the receptors to the CNS, and the motor neurones which carry nerve impulses away from the CNS to the effectors
two systems in the functional organisation of the nervous system
somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system
definition of somatic nervous system
this system is under conscious control - used when you voluntarily do something e.g. when you decide to move a muscle to move your arm
the somatic nervous system carries impulses to the body’s muscles
definition of autonomic nervous system
this system works constantly. It is under subconscious control and is used when your body does something automatically without you deciding to do it - it is involuntary e.g. to cause the heart to beat
the autonomic nervous system carries nerve impulses to glands, smooth muscle (e.g. the walls of the intestine), and cardiac muscle
Divisions of the autonomic nervous system (+definition)
sympathetic nervous system - generally involved when the outcome increases activity e.g. increase in heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system - involved when the outcome decreases activity e.g. decrease in heart/breathing rate after a period of exercise
function of cerebrum
controls voluntary actions e.g. learning, memory, personality + conscious thought
function of cerebellum
controls unconscious actions e.g. balance, posture + non-voluntary movement
function of medulla oblongata
used in autonomic control e.g. heart rate and breathing rate
function of hypothalamus
regulatory centre for temperature and water balance
function of pituitary gland
stores and releases hormones that regulate many body functions
