CHAPTER 13

Question 1

Social Psychology is the study of ______

Answer 1

Study of how people influence (and are influenced by) the
behaviour, beliefs, and attitudes of other people and groups

Question 2

Humans are a ______ species in how they interact with each other.

Answer 2

Social

Question 3

What is the theory that assumes that we evaluate our abilities and beliefs by comparing them with those of others

Answer 3

Social Comparison Theory

Question 4

Rachel sees her friends brand new car, and decides to get a new car herself right after. This is an example of __________

Answer 4

Upwards social comparison

Question 5

John sees his friends broken bicycle, and thinks to himself how much he appreciates his working one. This is an example of ________

Answer 5

Downwards social comparison.

Question 6

________ occurs when emotions, attitudes, or behaviour is spread and shared through a group of people.

Answer 6

Social Contagion.

Question 7

A protest that is peaceful randomly escalates into a violent one after one person breaks a window is, this is known as ________ .

Answer 7

Mass hysteria

Question 8

Riots, protests, are common examples of ______-

Answer 8

Collective Action.

Question 9

An urban legend or superstitions of a culture are examples of ________

Answer 9

Collective knowledge

Question 10

the feeling of energy
and harmony when a group shares a common
experience.

Answer 10

Collective effervescence

Question 11

When your favorite band starts chanting the chorus of a song, and the entire arena joins in sync.

Answer 11

Collective effervescence

Question 12

Ross and colleagues created this theory regarding the process of falsely assigning causes to behaviors and underestimating the real reason.

Answer 12

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 13

____ is the process of assigning the cause of a behavior is related to the person.

Answer 13

Internal Attributions

Question 14

____ is the process of assigning the cause of a behavior is related to the situation or the environment.

Answer 14

External Attributions

Question 15

This study by __________ showed that Participants believed the author’s
true beliefs were similar to the topic they
were assigned to write

Answer 15

Jones and Harris

Question 16

Changing behavior due to pressure from another person or group is known as ________

Answer 16

Conformity

Question 17

This study showed that people will choose wrongly from a set of lines if confederates influence the wrong answer.

Answer 17

Asch Conformity Study

Question 18

A person is a smart student when alone, but with friends that are gang members, he does small crimes. This is an example of _______

Answer 18

Deindividuation (engaging in atypical
behaviour when stripped of your
usual identity)

Question 19

tendency to make decisions/actions that
focus on group unanimity at the expense of critical
thinking and objectivity

Answer 19

Groupthink

Question 20

The Stanford Prison Experiment is a great example of _________.

Answer 20

Deindividuation

Question 21

Three of your friends say that you should steal a chocolate bar, you think its stupid but do it because they all think its a good idea. This is an example of ________

Answer 21

Groupthink

Question 22

Groups that exhibit intense and unquestioning
devotion to a single cause

Answer 22

Cults.

Question 23

Which one of these IS NOT a trait of cults.
1. Have a charismatic leader who fosters/demands loyalty
2. Isolated and disconnected from the outside world
3. Members are not free to leave, surveilled, controlled
4. Being able to ask Questions

Answer 23

4. Being able to ask Questions

Question 24

You see a regular-looking car and a guy gets out with a police uniform, he seems suspicious but because of his uniform, you think that you should just comply. This is an example of ______

Answer 24

Obedience

Question 25

A study by _______ involved measuring obedience using electric shocks.

Answer 25

Milgram's Study

Question 26

Behavior intended to help others is known as _________

Answer 26

Prosocial

Question 27

Behavior intended to harm others is known as ______

Answer 27

Antisocial

Question 28

Kitty Genovese is a good example of the ____________ effect

Answer 28

Bystander Effect

Question 29

occurs when the presence of other people reduces the chance that someone will intervene or help in a situation where help is needed.

Answer 29

Bystander Effect

Question 30

error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we do

Answer 30

Pluralistic Ignorance

Question 31

reduction in feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of others

Answer 31

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 32

You hear a scary scream but everyone around you is unnoticing, so you disregard it. This is a good example of ________

Answer 32

Pluralistic Ignorance.

Question 33

_______ occurs when people put in less effort when working in a group versus when working alone

Answer 33

Social loafing

Question 34

helping other people for unselfish reasons is known as _______

Answer 34

Altruism

Question 35

behavior intended to harm another person, specifically verbally or physically

Answer 35

Aggression

Question 36

Attitude is closely correlated to actual behavior (TRUE / FALSE)

Answer 36

FALSE

Question 37

A study regarding how much participants were likely to base enjoyability of a boring task based on being given cash was done by this person.

Answer 37

Leon FESTINGER

Question 38

an unpleasant state of psychological tension that arises when we have conflicting beliefs or inconsistency between our thoughts and our actions

Answer 38

Cognitive dissonance

Question 39

The Two pathways to persuasion were ______ and ______

Answer 39

Central route (informational content) Peripheral Route (surface aspects, rhetoric)

Question 40

A persuasion technique that starts with small request and moves to a larger one

Answer 40

Foot-in-the-door

Question 41

A persuasion technique that starts big but then backs off

Answer 41

Door-in-the-face

Question 42

A persuasion technique that starts with a low price then “adds-on”

Answer 42

Low-ball technique

Question 43

a set of belief (positive/negative) about the characteristics of a group and its members

Answer 43

Stereotype

Question 44

Drawing negative conclusions about a person/group based on their group identity

Answer 44

Prejudice

Question 45

behavioural manifestation of prejudice

Answer 45

Discrimination

Question 46

______ means that we favour those within our group compared to those without

Answer 46

In-group bias

Question 47

__________ is the tendency to view people outside of our group as similar

Answer 47

Out-group homogeneity

Question 48

TRUE / FALSE "Prejudice can be both implicit and explicit"

Answer 48

TRUE

Question 49

How to combat prejudice

Answer 49

Intergroup prejudice can be reduced through contact: A) groups should cooperate toward shared goals B) contact between groups should be enjoyable C) The groups should interact on equal status D) Group members should disconfirm negative stereotypes E) Group members should have the potential for friendship