Chapter 13 Flashcards
According to Robert Cialdini, the foot-in-the-door solicitation technique may work because people who grant a small, initial request typically feel. (Ch 13)
Self contradictory if they deny the larger request
According to the informational influence explanation of group polarization, each person: (Ch 13)
Hears a disproportionate number of arguments that support his or her initial position and so it becomes more extreme
A social dilemma can be defined as an action that _____ the person who takes it, _____ others in the group, and would _____ everyone if everyone took the action.ď (Ch 13)
Benefits; harms; cause more harm than benefit to
Jimmy, a professional basketball player, usually plays in small, empty stadiums. However, Jimmy played better at his last game that was held in a larger, crowded stadium. This would be referred to as: (Ch 13)
Social facilitation
A college is considering whether to put the English or the math department in a posh new building. A group of English professors joke about the math faculty, saying that they are all alike—unsociable, unable to participate in a discussion of the arts, and boring. The English professors see themselves as friendly, literate, and witty. Their tendency to see members of the math department as different from themselves and very similar to one another in having such undesirable traits is an illustration of: (Ch 13)
Negative stereotyping of the other group
Group polarization is LEAST likely to occur when group members: (Ch 13)
have to work together to solve a problem that affects all members.
In Stanley Milgram’s famous study of obedience, most participants: (Ch 13)
administered progressively more severe shocks as ordered but seemed deeply upset about doing so.
Research has shown that groups produce effective solutions to problems when: (Ch 13)
Members focus clearly on the problem to be solved
Which public service announcement would be the MOST effective, according to Robert Cialdini?
(Ch 13)
“Don’t binge drink. Only 10% of all college students have more than two drinks at a party.”
Research on conformity suggests that the major contributing influence is:
(Ch 13)
normative when the task is easy and informational when the task is difficult or ambiguous.
A particular course of action or inaction may lead to rewards for the individual who takes it but at the expense of others and will cause more harm than good to all if everyone in the group takes it. This situation is known as:
(Ch 13)
a social dilemma
In a laboratory situation, how people can punish cheaters for not cooperating?
(Ch 13)
They will spend some of their own resources
Participants play a public-goods game in which no one will be able to tell who has cooperated or defected in any given interaction. Control participants know nothing other than the rules of the game. Experimental participants know that all players share membership in a larger group (for example, that all are psychology majors). Participants cannot see or meet one another. Given what is known about cooperation in social-dilemma games, what type of results would you predict for this experiment?
(Ch 13)
The experimental participants will cooperate significantly more often than the control participants will.
Often when a cohesive group of people makes decisions, they defer too much to the views of leaders and work to maintain unity at the expense of considering alternative solutions. This type of flawed decision-making is termed:
(Ch 13)
Groupthink
A debate in which a large number of individuals argue for one side and subsequently push the majority to a more extreme view demonstrates the phenomenon of:
Group polarization
