Chapter 13 Flashcards
How is an RNA strand read
5’ —-> 3’ (always)
which direction is template DNA strand Read?
3’ —-> 5’
When does an RNA strand start making amino acids?
on the start codon (AUG)
What does the code being degenerate tell you?
A given amino acid can be specified by more than one codon
explain code is colinear
The order of codons in the mRNA determines order of AA’s
Is the code universal?
almost, exceptions found in mitochondria.
where does the wobble occur?
in the anticodon
What does the wobble hypothesis state
The first two ribonucleotides are more important while the third is much more flexible
What can G pair with?
U or C
what can C pair with?
G
What can A pair with?
U
What can U pair with?
A or G
What does mRNA do?
carries nucleotide code for protein to be made
WHat does tRNA do?
Interpret the nucleotide code.
What is responsible for assembling amino acids
Ribosomes
What is a mis-sense mutation
It is when one letter in the code is changed causing one amino acid to change
what is a non-sense mutation
It is when a codon is changed into a start/stop codon
what is a silent mutation
it is when one letter is changed but it codes for the same amino acid as before.
what is a frame shift
one letter is deleted or added causing every codon after it to code for a different amino acid
What does it mean that the code is ambiguous?
Each codon specifies one amino acid (several exceptions to this)
