Chapter 12.1: Learning, Memory, and Memory Loss

Question 1

What evidence led Lashley to draw his conclusions of equipotentially and mass action?

Answer 1

Impairment of learning depended on the amount of cortical damage rather than the location

Question 2

Whah assumption did Lashley make that later researchers rejected?

Answer 2

Any convenient example of learning will reveal the mechanisms that apply to all learning

Question 3

Why did Thompson conclude that eyeblink conditioning depends on the lateral interpositus nucleus, instead of the red nucleus?

Answer 3

Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, but did not prevent learning

Question 4

What was the original concept of consolidation?

Answer 4

The time necessary to synthesize proteins

Question 5

Emotional arousal facilitates consolidation by what means?

Answer 5

Increased release of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol

Question 6

How does the cortex store a working memory?

Answer 6

Occasional bursts of gamma oscillations

Question 7

Which of the following would probably prevent most cases of Korasakoff’s syndrome?

Answer 7

Require all alcoholic beverages to be fortified with vitamins

Question 8

What type of memory do patients with Alzheimer’s retain better than other types?

Answer 8

Procedural memory better than memory of facts

Question 9

Currently, what seems the most promising explanation for infant amnesia?

Answer 9

More new hippocampal neurons in infants than in older individuals