Attack and Escape Behavoirs

Question 1

Heritability of a tendency toward antisocial behavior is lowest for which of the following?

Answer 1

People in impoverished neighborhoods

Question 2

How does the gene for the less active form of the enzyme MAOa affect the probability for aggressive behavior?

Answer 2

Increased probability for someone who was abused in childhood

Question 3

Aggressive behavior correlates with low turnover of which neurotransmitter?

Answer 3

Serotonin

Question 4

Which of the following hormones tends to inhibit aggressive behavior?

Answer 4

Cortisol

Question 5

Why do we know more about the brain mechanisms of fear and anxiety than we do about other emotions?

Answer 5

Researchers can more satisfactory measure anxiety than other emotions in laboratory animals

Question 6

After damage to the amygdala, what happens t the startle reflex?

Answer 6

It becomes more consistent from one time or situation to another

Question 7

Suppose a researcher wants to determine whether someone is afraid of cats. Of the following, which would be the most reasonable approach?

Answer 7

Present a photo of a cat and then a loud sound. See whether the photo enhances the usual startle reflex

Question 8

Research of the amygdala supports which of these psychological conclusions?

Answer 8

What we call fear is a combination of several components, not an indivisible entity

Question 9

What role does the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis play on fear or anxiety

Answer 9

It affects fear of the environment in general

Question 10

The amygdala responds most strongly to which type of facial expressions?

Answer 10

Expressions that require some effort to understand

Question 11

What, if anything, can we predict from measuring the strength of amygdala response to frightening stimuli or faces showing fear?

Answer 11

We can predict probability of strong emotional responses to stressful experiences

Question 12

After Urbach-Wiethe disease damaged their amygdala, two people showed no fear under most circumstances. Which of the following did, nevertheless, evoke fear?

Answer 12

Breathing concentrated carbon dioxide

Question 13

Which of the following types of people would be more likely than average to develop PTSD?

Answer 13

People with a smaller than average hippocampus

Question 14

What do benzodiazepine do?

Answer 14

They facilitate GABA synapses