Chapter 12: Work, Leisure, and Retirement Flashcards
True or False. The belief that people only work for a paycheck is correct.
False. Schwartz states that most people want to do something meaningful
Blue and pink-collar workers drive meaning from _______, whereas white-collar workers place more emphasis on ________
Finding unity with others and developing the inner self. Expressing full potential
Studies have shown that corporate executives who have better alignment with their personal intentions and company’s mission statement _______________.
Care more about their employee’s happiness, job satisfaction, and emotional well-being.
What does the career construction theory say about how people build careers?
The theory states that people build careers through their actions that result from their own personal characteristics and social context. Aka, the actions people do at work result from how they adapt to their environment.
Holland proposes that people choose occupations to optimize _________ and __________.
Individual traits and occupational interests
What does the social cognitive career theory say about career choices?
It states that career choice is the result of the application of Bandura’s social cognitive theory.
What are the six personality types that Holland states are related to occupation choice?
- Investigative
- Social
- Realistic
- Artistic
- Conventional
- Enterprising
What are the four main factors of the SCCT in the simplest model? What are the two added factors in the complex model?
The four main factors are self-efficacy (belief in your ability), outcome expectations (what you think will happen in a situation), interests (what you like), and choice goals (what you want to achieve).
The two added factors are supports (environmental things that help you) and barriers (environmental things that block or frustrate you).
True or False. People are likely to choose careers and occupations that they believe they will be successful in.
True
At what age do people begin to form opinions about what work in a particular occupation will be like?
Adolescence
Over time, what happens to a person’s opinions of themselves as they gain more personal experience?
Their opinions get redefined as they continue to update their occupational expectations and development.
What are three reasons why an individual may modify their occupational goals?
- Interests change
- They cannot pursue the level of education required to achieve it
- They lack certain skills and cannot acquire them
How do millennials differ from older generations in terms of occupational expectations?
They are more cynical of traditional organizations, are more likely to change jobs, are more comfortable with working with people from diverse backgrounds, and value employee development more.
True or False. Most people who know they have the talent and opportunity to achieve their occupational/career goals often attain them.
True. Academically talented high school students’ assumptions of their career expectations and outcomes were proven to be correct 10 to 20 years later.
What is reality shock? How can it be alleviated?
It is a situation in which what you learn in the classroom does not always transfer directly into the real world and does not represent all you need to know.
I can be alleviated by taking on internships and practicum experiences with a mentor
What is a mentor?
A part-time teacher, sponsor, model, or counselor who facilitates on-the-job learning to help the new hire do their current role and prepare for future roles.
What is a developmental coach?
An individual who helps a person focus on their goals, motivations, and aspirations to help them achieve focus and apply them appropriately.
What is the difference between a mentor and a developmental coach?
Mentors work with people new to a position while coaches work with those with more experience.
With mentors, occupational success often depends on _________ and __________
The quality of the mentor-mentee relationship and the mentee’s perception of its importance
Why are women and minorities in need of mentors?
Women benefit from having higher expectations placed on them and they have been reported to have better perceived career development after mentoring.
Minorities need mentors to help them adjust to the work culture of the organization. Culturally conscious mentoring can help mentors be made aware of how the organization and employee culture affect employees and help them build upon those assumptions.
What do mentors get out of a mentor-mentee relationship?
Helping a younger employee can help mentors achieve Erikson’s phase of generatively.
True or False. A bad mentor or coach is better than none.
False. Having a bad mentor or coach is proven to be worse than having none. A company must match individuals carefully with mentors in order to get the best outcomes.
What is job satisfaction?
It is the positive feeling that results from an appraisal of one’s work.
True or false. Most people do not find a job where they are reasonably happy in sufficient time.
False. Research has shown that people do find a job where they are reasonably happy in sufficient time.
How do family responsibilities affect the relationship between age and job satisfaction?
Family responsibilities colliding with one’s work along with little job accommodations for family problems can lower job satisfaction. Overtime, as individuals get better at managing their work-life balance their job satisfaction may increase.
Which type of job professions see a general increase in job satisfaction? What type of job professions does not see a general increase in job satisfaction?
White-collar jobs do see a general increase in job satisfaction while blue-collar jobs do not.
How have changes in the labor market affect the notion of job satisfaction among employees?
Job satisfaction has become more complicated since companies have started eliminating jobs and workers based on old worker stereotypes. Employees find it more difficult now to develop a sense of commitment towards their organization.
What is alienation? What kind of employees are more likely to feel alienated?
Alienation is the feeling that one’s work is meaningless and their efforts are devalued or that their work does not connect with the final product.
Employees who perform routine, repetitive actions or feel abandoned by their employers are more likely to feel alienated.
What is burnout? What kind of profession is burnout most common?
Burnout is the depletion of one’s energy and motivation, the loss of occupational idealism, and the feeling that one is being exploited.
It is most common among people in helping positions like police, fist responders, teaching, and social work.
What are the two types of passion proposed by Vallerand?
Obsessive passion - The internal urge to engage in a passionate activity which makes it difficult for a person to fully disengage from an activity. Leads to conflict with other activities in a person’s life.
Harmonious passion - When a person freely chooses to engage in an activity and it is in harmony with the rest of their lives.
What negative effects does burnout have on our brains?
It weakens the connections between the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, and prefrontal cortex. This causes people to have trouble regulating their emotions, making good judgments, and preventing themselves from having emotional outbursts.
What does obsessive passion and harmonious passion predict in occupations?
Obsessive passion predicts higher levels of conflict and burnout while harmonious passion predicts higher levels of work satisfaction and lower levels of burnout.
