Chapter 12 What Causes Emotional and Motivated Behavior?

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

Behavior that seems purposeful and goal-directed

Question 2

What was Rogers condition?

Answer 2

Tumor on his hypothalamus; could consume 20,000 calories a day

Question 3

Sensory deptrivation

Answer 3

Experimental setup in which a subject is allowed only restricted sensory input; subjects generally have a low tolerance for deprivation and may even display hallucinations.

Question 4

Donald Hebb

Answer 4

Conducted research on sensory deprivation using college students. They need stimulation of any kind to become less distressed.

Question 5

Butler and Harlow (1954)

Answer 5

Conducted sensory deprivation experiments on monkeys. The monkeys Monkeys quickly learn to solve puzzles or perform other tricks to gain access to a door.

Question 6

Emotion

Answer 6

Cognitive interpretation of subjective feelings.

Question 7

Orbitalfrontal cortex

Answer 7

Behind the eye sockets that recieves projections from the thalamus; involved in many emotional and social behaviors as well as in eating; affected by pain.

Question 8

Drive

Answer 8

Hypothetical state of arousal that motivates an organism to engage in a particular behavior.

Question 9

Flush modal of motivation

Answer 9

he brain stores energy for behavior. When energy is built up, it is released in action = behaviour. Energy is stored individually for each behaviour. No energy = no behaviour.

Question 10

Problem with drive theory

Answer 10

Behavior results from the activity of hormonal and neural circuits inside the brain, NOT from energy building up.
ex. High androgen levels = high sexual interest

Question 11

Androgen

Answer 11

Male hormone related to level of sexual interest.

Question 12

Innate releasing mechanisms (IRM’s)

Answer 12

Hypothetical mechanism that detects speceific sensory stimuli and directs an organism to take a partciular action. In other words, a built in mechanism that triggers a behavioural resposne to a stimuli.
ex. a kittens defensive response to an unknown adult cat.

Question 13

Evolutionary psychology

Answer 13

Apply principles of natural selection to understand the causes of human behavior.

Question 14

Olfaction vs. vision and audition

Answer 14

Visual senses and auditory senses are designed to analyze specific qualities, whereas olfactory senses are meant for determine if the info is familiar.

Question 15

olfactory receptors vs. visual and auditory receptors

Answer 15

Olfactory receptors interact with chemicals.
Visual and auditory receptors interact with physical energy.

Question 16

Olfaction Epithelium

Answer 16

Receptor surface that contaions olfactory receptor cells and support cells.

Question 17

Cilia

Answer 17

Part of the olfactory receptor cells. Interact with ordor chemicals.

Question 18

Pheromone

Answer 18

Ordorant biochemical released by one animal that acts as a chemosignal and can affect the physiology or behavior of another animal.

Question 19

Vomeronasal organ

Answer 19

An olfactory receptor system that detect pheromones. Connects primarily with amygdala and hypothalamus.