Chapter 12 - W&H - Nursing Care of Patients Having Surgery - Nov 22 test Flashcards
-ectomy
removal by cutting
-orrhaphy
suture of or repair
-oscopy
looking into
-ostomy
formation of a permanent artificial opening
-otomy
incision or cutting into
-plasty
formation or repair
To reduce the risk of aspiration during surgery, the anesthesiologist orders ____ and _____ restrictions
fluid and food
Preoperative diagnostic testing is based on the patient’s ____, _____ _____, ______ ______, and ________ _________
age, medical history, assessment findings, and institutional proctocols
What does PCA stand for
patient-controlled analgesia
Pain relief methods for postop care
Analgesic injections
epidural catheter
PCA
This test detects pulmonary and cardiac abnormalities
Chest x-ray
This diagnostic test obtains baseline levels and detects abnormalities
Oxygen saturation
This diagnostic test obtains baseline levels and detect pH and oxygenation abnormalities
Arterial blood gases (ABGs)
This diagnostic test detects prolonged bleeding problems
Bleeding time
These diagnostic tests detect kidney problems
Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
This diagnostic test detects anemia, infection, clotting problem
Complete blood cell count (CBC)
This diagnostic test detects potassium, sodium, and chloride imbalances
Electrolytes
This diagnostic test identifies blood type to match blood for possible transfusion
Type and crossmatch
This urine test is used to detect early, unknown pregnancy
Pregnancy test
This urine test is used to detect infection, abnormalities
Urinalysis
______ ______may be ordered postoperatively to prevent atelectasis by increasing lung volume, alveoli expansion, and venous return
Incentive spirometry
When the patient is transferred to the operating table, the ______ phase begins
Intraoperative
The final preparation for surgery is giving _____ _______ at the time ordered, usually __ hour before or on call to surgery
preoperative medications; 1
Elimination of microorganisms
aseptic technique
The period from when the anesthetic is first given until full anesthesia is reached
Induction
Metabolism in the muscles is increased, which produces a very high fever and muscle rigidity, as well as tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, dysrhythmias, hyperkalemia, metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and cyanosis
Malignant hyperthermia
Approximately 10 mL of the patient’s own blood is injected into the epidural space at the previous puncture site (this is done when the patient experiences a postdural puncture headache)
blood patch
The _________ phase begins when the patient is admitted to the PACU or a nursing unit and ends with the patient’s postoperative evaluation in the physician’s office
postoperative
pus
purulent drainage
When necrotic and infected tissue is removed before infected wounds are closed
Debridement
When ______ occurs, the patient may have pain and vomiting and may report that “something let loose” or “gave way”
evisceration
_____ are inserted into wounds during surgery to prevent accumulation of blood, lymph, or necrotic tissue in wounds that can lead to infection or delayed healing
Drains
What are the types of drains?
Penrose, Jackson-Pratt, Hemovac
Which of the following nursing actions would reduce surgical risk factors for preoperative patients? (Select all that apply)
a) Playing music of patient’s choice
b) Avoiding discussion of fears
c) Reinforcing pain control methods
d) Showing use of incentive spirometer
e) Monitoring blood glucose for a patient with diabetes
f) Teaching to perform leg exercises hourly while awake
a, c, d, e, f
Which of the following is the patient care role for the LPN/LVN in the preoperative phase?
a) Assisting in data collection
b) Explaining the surgical procedure
c) Obtaining preoperative orders
d) Conducting the preoperative anesthesia interview
a) Assisting in data collection
Which of the following is within the LPN/LVN’s scope of practice related to the patient providing consent for surgery? (Select all that apply)
a) Witnessing minor patient’s signature on the consent
b) Providing informed consent
c) Answering surgical procedure questions
d) Requesting patient questions be referred to physician
e) Witnessing the patient’s signature on the consent
f) Reading the consent to a patient prior to signing
d, e, f
When teaching an elderly preoperative patient, which of the following is a teaching strategy that improves learning?
a) Sit near a window with bright sunlight
b) Use large black-on-white printed materials
c) Sit beside patient
d) Use blue and green colors for brochures
b) Use large black-on-white printed materials
Which of the following interventions would help prevent atelectasis in a postoperative patient? (Select all that apply)
a) Coughing and deep breathing
b) Holding breath while moving
c) Restricting fluids
d) Leg exercises
e) Pain control
f) Ambulation
a, e, f
Which of the following would the nurse evaluate as indicating that interventions to prevent respiratory complications for the postoperative patient have been effective?
a) Pain level “2”
b) No abdominal distention
c) Clear lung sounds
d) Good appetite
c) Clear lung sounds
Which of the following findings would the nurse recognize as being the earliest indicator of hemorrhage or shock that should be reported to the physician?
a) Tachycardia
b) Polyuria
c) Nausea
d) Fever
a) tachycardia
Which of the following criterion would a nurse use to determine patient readiness for discharge from ambulatory surgery?
a) Ability to drive an automobile
b) Ability to ambulate 50 feet
c) Being pain free
d) Absence of nausea and vomiting
d) Absence of nausea and vomiting
What is the role of the home health nurse in caring for postoperative patients?
To assist in the patient’s recovery
