chapter 12 vocab

Question 1

scientific study of heredity

Answer 1

genetics

Question 2

sequence of DNA that codes for a protein & this determines a traits factor that is passed from parent to offspring

Answer 2

gene

Question 3

specific characteristics of an individual

Answer 3

trait

Question 4

one of a number of different forms of an gene

Answer 4

allele

Question 5

separation of alleles during gamete formation

Answer 5

segregation

Question 6

sex cell

Answer 6

gamete

Question 7

having two identical alleles for a particular gene

Answer 7

homozygous

Question 8

having two different alleles for a particular gene

Answer 8

heterozygous

Question 9

physical characteristics of an organism

Answer 9

phenotype

Question 10

genetic makeup of an organism

Answer 10

genotype

Question 11

diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and the phenotype combinations of genetic cross

Answer 11

punnett square

Question 12

one of the mendel’s principles that states genes for different traits can segregate independently during formation of genes.

Answer 12

independently assortment

Question 13

situation in which one the allele is NOT completely dominant over another allele

Answer 13

incomplete dominance

Question 14

situation in which one allele is completely

Answer 14

condinminace

Question 15

a gene that has more than two alleles

Answer 15

multiple alleles

Question 16

trait controlled by two or more alleles

Answer 16

polygenic traits

Question 17

term used to refer to chromosomes in which one set comes through separation of homologous chromosomes diploid cell

Answer 17

meiosis

Question 18

structure containing four chromatids that forms during meiosis

Answer 18

tetrad

Question 19

process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis

Answer 19

crossing over