Chapter 12 - The Reproductive System Flashcards
theriogenology
Used to describe animal reproduction or the study of producing beasts.
their/o
Combining form for beast.
gen/o
Combining form for producing.
-logy
Suffix meaning to study.
genitals
The reproductive organs, either male or female.
genitalia
The reproductive organs, either male or female. Include external and internal organs.
genit/o
Refers to the organs of reproduction.
scrotum
The external pouch that encloses and supports the testes.
- Latin term for bag.
- Encloses the testes outside the body so that the testes are at a temperature lower than body temperature.
- Lower temp needed for sperm development.
scrotal sac
The external pouch that encloses and supports the testes. Another word for scrotum.
scrot/o
scrotum
perineum
The area between the anus and the scrotum in males, and the vaginal orifice in females.
perine/o
Combining form for the area between the scrotum (or vaginal orifice in females) and the anus in males.
testes
The male sex glands that produce spermatozoa. Plural.
testis
The male sex glands that produce spermatozoa. Single gland.
testicles
The male sex glands that produce spermatozoa.
gonads
sex glands
Combining forms for testes.
orch/o orchi/o orchid/o test/o testicul/o
seminiferous tubules
- The coiled tubes that are in the testicles.
- Channels in the testes in which sperm are produced and through which the sperm leave the testes.
interstitial cells
The cells between the spaces.
Leydig’s cells
The interstitial cells of the testes.
-have endocrine function.
Sertoli cells
Specialized cells in the testes that support and nourish sperm growth.
Sperm
The male gametes, or sex cells.
-Spermatozoa
Spermatozoa
The male gametes, or sex cells.
-Sperm
Spermatozoon
One, single gamete.
Combining forms for spermatozoa.
sperm/o
spermat/o
acrosome (part of sperm)
A structure at the top of the head of sperm. Contains enzymes that allow the spermatozoon to penetrate the ovum.
midpiece (part of sperm)
Contains mitochondria to provide energy to the sperm.
Head (part of sperm)
Contains the nucleus.
Tail (part of sperm)
A flagellum that provides movement for the spermatozoon to reach the ovum.
Spermatogenesis
Production of male gametes.
gamete
Sex cells.
- sperm in males.
- ovum in females.
epididymis
what does it do
The tube at the upper part of each testis that:
- secretes part of the semen.
- stores semen before ejaculation
- provides a passageway for sperm.
epididymis
parts
- Head (caput)
- Body
- Tail
epididymis
passageway
- Runs down the length of the testicle.
- Turns upward.
- Becomes a narrower tube called the ductus deferens.
epididymis
sperm
- sperm are collected in the epididymis.
- this is where they become motile or capable of spontaneous motion.
epididym/o
Combining form for epididymis.
ductus deferens
A tube connected to the epididymis that carries sperm into the pelvic region toward the urethra.
- encased by the spermatic cord.
- the excretory duct of the testes.
- in swine, has a glandular portion called the ampulla.
spermatic cord
Encases the:
- ductus deferens
- nerves
- blood and lymph vessels
- cremaster muscle
ampulla
An enlarged part of a tube or canal.
seminal vesicles / vesicular glands
what/where
Two glands that open into the ductus deferens where it joins the urethra.
seminal vesicles / vesicular glands
function
Secrete a thick, yellow substance that nourishes sperm and adds volume to the ejaculated semen.
semen
The ejaculatory fluid that contains sperm and the secretions of the accessory sex glands.
semin/i
Combining form for semen.
ejaculatory duct
- Formed by the union of the ductus deferens and the duct from the seminal vesicles.
- Passes through the prostate and enters the urethra.