Chapter 12: Supportive cells (glial cells)

Question 1

What are neuroglia/glial cells?

Answer 1

glial cells protect the neurons and help them function. they beind neurons together and provide supportive framework for the nervous tissue.

Question 2

How many types of neuroglia are there?

Answer 2

6, each with a unique function

CNS neuroglia
1. oligodendrocytes
2. Ependymal cells
3. Microglia
4. Astrocytes

PNS neuroglia
1. Schwann cells/neurilemmocytes
2. Satellite cells

Question 3

Oligodendroycytes

Answer 3

resemble an octopus. They have a bulbous body with as many as 15 arms. Each arm reaches out to a nerve fiber and spirals around it like electrical tape wrapped around a wire

The wrapping is called the myelin sheath, which insulates the nerve fiber from the extracellular fluid and speeds up signal conduction in the nerve fiber

Question 4

Ependymal cells

Answer 4

resemble a cuboidal epithelium lining the internal cavities of the brain and spinal cord. These cells produce cerebrospinal fluid, a liquid that bathes the CNS and fills its internal cavities.

Question 5

Microalgia

Answer 5

small macrophages that develop from white blood cells called monocytes. They wander through the CNS checking for dead tissue in the brain. They become concentrated in areas damaged by infection, trauma, or stroke

Question 6

Astrocytes

Answer 6

Question 7

Types of glial cells

Answer 7

Question 8

Schwann cells and satellite cells (glial cells of the PNS)

Answer 8