Chapter 12-Social Psyc

Question 1

Social categorization

Answer 1

Mental process of classifying people into groups on the basis common characteristics

Question 2

Person perception

Answer 2

Refers to mental processes we use to form judgements & drW conclusions about the characteristics of other people
4 principles:
1. Your reactions to others are determined by your perceptions of them, not by who they really are
2. Your self-perception also influences how you perceive others & how you act on your perceptions
3. Your goals in a particular situations determine the amount and kinds of information you collect about others
4. In every situations, you evaluate people partly in terms of how you expect them to act within that particular context

Question 3

Explicit & implicit cognition

Answer 3

Explicit- refer to these deliberate, conscious mental processes involved in perceptions, judgements, decisions, & reasoning
Implicit

Question 4

Attribution

Answer 4

The process of inferring the cause of someone’s behavior, including your own

Question 5

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 5

Tendency to spontaneously attribute the behavior of others to to internal, personal characteristics, while ignoring or underestimating the role of external, situational factors

Question 6

Components of attitudes

Answer 6

Cognitive: beliefs thoughts, ideas about the attitude object
Behavioral: predisposition to act in a particular way
Emotional: feelings & emotions about the attitude object

Question 7

Attitude

Answer 7

Learned tendency to evaluate some object, person, or issue in a particular way

Question 8

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 8

Unpleasant state of psychological tension that occurs when there’s an inconsistency between two thoughts or perceptions

Question 9

Prejudice

Answer 9

A negative attitude toward people who belong to a specific social group

Question 10

Conformity

Answer 10

Occurs when you adjust your opinions, judgement, or behavior so that it matches that of other people, or the norms of a social group or situation

Question 11

Factors that influence conformity

Answer 11

1. you are facing a unanimous group of at least 4 or 5 people
2. You must give your response in front of the group
3. You have not already expressed commitment to a different idea or opinion
4. You find the task to be ambiguous or difficult
5. You doubt your abilities or knowledge in the situation
6. You are strongly attracted to a group & want to be a member of it