Chapter 12: Sampling

Question 1

accessible population

Answer 1

a population that meets the population criteria and is available

Question 2

convenience sampling

Answer 2

a nonprobabilty sampling strategy that uses the most readily accessible persons or objects as subjects in a study

Question 3

data saturation

Answer 3

A point when data collection can cease. It occurs when the information being shared with the researcher becomes repetitive. Ideas conveyed by the participant have been shared before by other participants; inclusion of additional participants does not result in new ideas.

Question 4

delimitations, eligibility criteria, exclusion data, inclusion

Answer 4

those characteristics that restrict the population to a homogenous group of subjects

Question 5

element

Answer 5

the most basic unit about which information is collected

Question 6

matching

Answer 6

a special sampling strategy used to construct an equivalent comparison sample group by filling it with subjects who are similar to each subject in another sample group in relation to presestabilshed variables, such as age and gender

Question 7

multistage (cluster) sampling

Answer 7

involves a successive random sampling of units (clusters) that programs from large to small and meets sample eligibility criteria

Question 8

network (snowball effect) sampling

Answer 8

a strategy used for locating samples that are difficult to locate. It uses social networks and the fact that friends tend to have characteristics in common; subjects who meet eligibility criteria are asked for assistance in getting in touch with others who meet the same criteria

Question 9

nonprobability sampling

Answer 9

a procedure in which elements are chosen by nonrandom methods

Question 10

pilot study

Answer 10

a small, simple study conducted as a prelude to a larger-scale study that is often called the “parent study”

Question 11

population

Answer 11

a well-defined set that has certain specified properties

Question 12

probability sampling

Answer 12

a procedure that uses some form of random selection when the sampling units are chosen

Question 13

purposive sampling

Answer 13

a nonprobability sampling strategy in which the researcher selects subjects who are considered to be typical of the population

Question 14

quota sampling

Answer 14

a nonprobability sampling strategy that identifies the strata of the population and proportionately represents the strata in the sample

Question 15

random selection

Answer 15

a selection process in which each element of the population has an equal and independent chance of being included in the sample

Question 16

representative sample

Answer 16

a sample whose key characteristic closely approximate those of the population

Question 17

sample

Answer 17

a subset of sampling units from a population

Question 18

sampling

Answer 18

a process in which representative units of a population are selected for study in a research investigation

Question 19

sampling frame

Answer 19

a list of all units of the population

Question 20

sampling unit

Answer 20

the element or set of elements used for selecting the sample

Question 21

simple random sampling

Answer 21

a probability sampling strategy in which the population is defined, a sampling frame is listed, and a subset from which the sample will be chosen is selected; members are randomly selected

Question 22

stratified random sampling

Answer 22

A probability sampling strategy in which the population is divided into strata or subgroups. An appropriate number of elements from each subgroup are randomly selected based on their proportion in the population

Question 23

target population

Answer 23

a population or group of individuals that meet the sampling criteria