Chapter 12: Sampling Flashcards
accessible population
a population that meets the population criteria and is available
convenience sampling
a nonprobabilty sampling strategy that uses the most readily accessible persons or objects as subjects in a study
data saturation
A point when data collection can cease. It occurs when the information being shared with the researcher becomes repetitive. Ideas conveyed by the participant have been shared before by other participants; inclusion of additional participants does not result in new ideas.
delimitations, eligibility criteria, exclusion data, inclusion
those characteristics that restrict the population to a homogenous group of subjects
element
the most basic unit about which information is collected
matching
a special sampling strategy used to construct an equivalent comparison sample group by filling it with subjects who are similar to each subject in another sample group in relation to presestabilshed variables, such as age and gender
multistage (cluster) sampling
involves a successive random sampling of units (clusters) that programs from large to small and meets sample eligibility criteria
network (snowball effect) sampling
a strategy used for locating samples that are difficult to locate. It uses social networks and the fact that friends tend to have characteristics in common; subjects who meet eligibility criteria are asked for assistance in getting in touch with others who meet the same criteria
nonprobability sampling
a procedure in which elements are chosen by nonrandom methods
pilot study
a small, simple study conducted as a prelude to a larger-scale study that is often called the “parent study”
population
a well-defined set that has certain specified properties
probability sampling
a procedure that uses some form of random selection when the sampling units are chosen
purposive sampling
a nonprobability sampling strategy in which the researcher selects subjects who are considered to be typical of the population
quota sampling
a nonprobability sampling strategy that identifies the strata of the population and proportionately represents the strata in the sample
random selection
a selection process in which each element of the population has an equal and independent chance of being included in the sample
representative sample
a sample whose key characteristic closely approximate those of the population
sample
a subset of sampling units from a population
sampling
a process in which representative units of a population are selected for study in a research investigation
sampling frame
a list of all units of the population
sampling unit
the element or set of elements used for selecting the sample
simple random sampling
a probability sampling strategy in which the population is defined, a sampling frame is listed, and a subset from which the sample will be chosen is selected; members are randomly selected
stratified random sampling
A probability sampling strategy in which the population is divided into strata or subgroups. An appropriate number of elements from each subgroup are randomly selected based on their proportion in the population
target population
a population or group of individuals that meet the sampling criteria
