Chapter 12 - Posture, Movement, and Performance Assessments Flashcards
What is static posture?
The positioning of the musculoskeletal system while the body is motionless.
What is dynamic posture?
Alignment of the body while in motion.
What is optimal movement?
Moving in a biomechanically efficient manner that maximizes muscle recruitment and minimizes risk of injury.
What is a movement assessment?
An assessment of a client’s movement patterns and postural alignment during movement or activity; also known as a dynamic postural assessment.
What is a muscle imbalance?
When muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships.
What is mobility?
Optimal flexibility and joint range of motion; ability to move freely.
What is a performance assessment?
Assessments used to measure overall strength, muscular endurance, power, and agility.
What is pes planus?
Collapsed arch of the foot; also known as flat feet.
Define overactive muscles.
When elevated neural drive causes a muscle to be held in a chronic state of contraction.
Define underactive muscles.
When a muscle is experiencing neural inhibition and limited neuromuscular recruitment.
What is a static postural assessment?
An assessment that provides insight to deviations from optimal alignment of the body in a standing posture.
What are the kinetic chain checkpoints?
The five areas of the body that are monitored during movement assessments and exercise: foot/ankle, knees, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, shoulders, and head.
What is an anterior pelvic tilt?
An excessive forward rotation of the pelvis that results in greater lumbar lordosis.
What is knee valgus?
Knees collapse inward (knock knees) due to hip adduction and internal rotation; also known as medial knee displacement and genu valgum.
What is knee varus?
Knees bow outward (bowlegged); also known as genu varum
What are the three main postural distortions?
- Pes Planus Distortion syndrome: Characterized by flat feet, knee valgus, and adducted and internally rotated hips.
- Lower Crossed Syndrome: Characterized by an anterior pelvic tilt and excessive lordosis(extension) of the lumbar spine.
- Upper Crossed Syndrome: Characterized by a forward head and protracted (rounded) shoulders.