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MEDICAL WORDS > Chapter 12 Pharmacology 10 Medications > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Pharmacology 10 Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What is the trade name for the medication that prevents platelets from clumping and acts as an anti-inflammatory?

A

Aspirin

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2
Q

What are the main actions of aspirin?

A

Anti-inflammatory, anti-fever, prevents platelet clumping.

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3
Q

When is aspirin indicated?

A

Relief of mild pain, headaches, and muscle aches.

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4
Q

What are the contraindications for aspirin?

A

Hypersensitivity, recent bleeding.

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5
Q

How is aspirin administered?

A

PO (by mouth).

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6
Q

What are some adverse effects of aspirin?

A

Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reaction.

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7
Q

interaction risk of asprin

A

anticoagulants

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8
Q

What is the adult dose of aspirin?

A

160 to 325 mg (chewable).

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9
Q

What is the action of ipratropium/Albuterol ?

A

Fast-acting MDI that causes bronchodilation.

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10
Q

What are indications for ipratropium/Albuterol ?

A

Bronchospasms; stimulates nervous system to open airways.

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11
Q

What are the contraindications for ipratropium/Albuterol ?

A

Seizures. Thyroid disease. An unusual or allergic reaction to albuterol

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12
Q

How is ipratropium/Albuterol administered?

A

Inhalation.

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13
Q

What are the adverse effects of ipratropium/Albuterol ?

A

Hypersensitivity, tachycardia, chest pain of cardiac origin.

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14
Q

What should be considered when combining ipratropium/Albuterol with other nervous system stimulants?

A

Effects may be increased.

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15
Q

What is the adult dose of ipratropium/Albuterol ?

A

It increases effects of nervous system stimulants; specific dosage per MDI instructions.

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16
Q

What is the main action of epinephrine?

A

Stimulates nervous system causing bronchodilation.

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17
Q

When is epinephrine indicated?

A

Anaphylactic reaction.

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18
Q

What are contraindications for epinephrine?

A

Chest pain of cardiac origin, hypothermia, hypertension.

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19
Q

How is epinephrine administered?

A

IM (intramuscular).

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20
Q

What are common adverse effects of epinephrine?

A

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness.

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21
Q

What interactions should be considered with epinephrine?

A

Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants.

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22
Q

What is the adult dose of epinephrine?

A

0.3 mg for adults, 0.15 mg for pediatrics.

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23
Q

What is naloxone used for?

A

Reverses respiratory depression from opioid overdose.

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24
Q

What are indications for naloxone?

A

Opioid poisoning.

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25
What is a contraindication for naloxone?
Hypersensitivity.
26
How is naloxone administered?
IM or IN (intramuscular or intranasal).
27
What are the adverse effects of naloxone?
Nausea, vomiting.
28
What might be required for severe opioid overdose?
Additional doses.
29
What is the adult dose of naloxone?
2 mg.
30
What does nitroglycerin do?
Dilates blood vessels.
31
When is nitroglycerin indicated?
Chest pain of cardiac origin.
32
What are contraindications for nitroglycerin?
Hypotension, use of ED medications.
33
How is nitroglycerin administered?
Tablet or spray.
34
What are adverse effects of nitroglycerin?
Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea.
35
What are key interactions with nitroglycerin?
Increases effects of other vessel-dilating drugs.
36
What is the adult dose of nitroglycerin?
0.3 to 0.4 mg tablet, 0.4 mg spray.
37
What is the purpose of oral glucose?
Provides glucose when absorbed.
38
When is oral glucose indicated?
Low blood glucose.
39
What are contraindications for oral glucose?
Decreased LOC, nausea, vomiting.
40
How is oral glucose administered?
PO (by mouth).
41
What are adverse effects of oral glucose?
Nausea, vomiting.
42
Are there any known interactions with oral glucose?
None.
43
What is the adult dose of oral glucose?
½ to 1 tube.
44
What is the function of oxygen therapy?
Reverses hypoxia; provides oxygen for lungs.
45
When is oxygen indicated?
Hypoxia or suspected hypoxia.
46
What is a rare contraindication for oxygen?
Patients with COPD.
47
How is oxygen administered?
Inhalation.
48
What are rare adverse effects of oxygen?
Decreased respiratory effort in some COPD patients.
49
What is a major precaution when using oxygen?
Supports combustion.
50
What is the adult dose of oxygen?
28% to 100% oxygen as needed.
51
What is the action of acetaminophen?
Analgesic and fever reducer.
52
When is acetaminophen indicated?
Mild pain, fever, headache, muscle aches.
53
What is a contraindication for acetaminophen?
Hypersensitivity.
54
How is acetaminophen administered?
PO (by mouth).
55
What is an adverse effect of acetaminophen?
Allergic reaction.
56
What should be monitored due to interaction with other OTC meds?
Potential overdose.
57
What is the adult dose of acetaminophen?
500 to 1,000 mg every 4 hours.
58
What is the action of diphenhydramine?
Antihistamine.
59
When is diphenhydramine indicated?
Mild allergic reactions.
60
What are contraindications for diphenhydramine?
Asthma, glaucoma, pregnancy, hypertension.
61
How is diphenhydramine administered?
PO.
62
What are adverse effects of diphenhydramine?
Sleepiness (can excite children), dry mouth/throat.
63
What are drug interactions for diphenhydramine?
Avoid alcohol and MAO inhibitors.
64
What is the adult dose of diphenhydramine?
25 to 50 mg.
65
What is the action of ibuprofen?
NSAID; reduces inflammation and fever.
66
What are indications for ibuprofen?
Mild pain, fever, headache, muscle aches.
67
What is a contraindication for ibuprofen?
Hypersensitivity.
68
How is ibuprofen administered?
PO.
69
What are adverse effects of ibuprofen?
Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reaction.
70
What is a major drug interaction to be aware of with ibuprofen?
Do not take with aspirin.
71
What is the adult dose of ibuprofen?
200 to 400 mg every 4–6 hours.
72
Cardiogenic Shock
Cause by CHF or MI adding fluid to your alveoli
73
Obstructive Shock
Cause by Cardiac tamponade (Fluid Pressure squeezing), Tension pneumothorax, Pulmonary embolism (large obstructive)
74
Distributive Shock
4 sub types - Septic Shock (Wide spread infection) - Neurogenic Shock (Trauma) - Anaphylactic Shock (Serve nervous reaction) - Psychogenic Shock (Flash of dilation usually from an event)
75
Hypovolemic Shock
inadequate blood volume Dehydration
76
Stages of Shock
- Compensated - Decompensated ( hypotensive ) - Irreversible ( Near cardiac arrest or in coma )
77
difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures in shock
A pulse pressure less than 25 mm Hg

MEDICAL WORDS (8 decks)

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