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Medical Terminolgy > Chapter 12 - Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 12 - Nervous System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

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2
Q

Cerebellum/o

A

Cerebellum

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3
Q

Cerebral/o

A

Cerebrum

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4
Q

Encephal/o

A

Brain

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5
Q

Gli/o

A

Glue

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6
Q

Medull/o

A

Medulla oblongata

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7
Q

Mening/o

A

Meninges

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8
Q

Meningi/o

A

Meninges

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9
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord

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10
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

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11
Q

Phas/o

A

Speech

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12
Q

Poli/o

A

Gray matter

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13
Q

Pont/o

A

Pons

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14
Q

Radicul/o

A

Nerve root

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15
Q

Thalam/o

A

Thalamus

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16
Q

Thec/o

A

Sheath (meninges)

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17
Q

Ventricul/o

A

Brain ventricle

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18
Q

-algesia

A

Pain, sensitivity

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19
Q

-esthesia

A

Feeling, sensation

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20
Q

-paresis

A

Weakness

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21
Q

-phasia

A

Speech

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22
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis

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23
Q

-taxis

A

Muscle coordination

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24
Q

Cephalalgia

A

Head pain

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25
Q

Cerebellar

A

Pertaining to the cerebellum

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26
Q

Cerebellitis

A

Cerebellum inflammation

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27
Q

Cerebral

A

Pertaining to the cerebellum

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28
Q

Cerebrospinal

A

Pertaining to the cerebrum and spine

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29
Q

Electroencephalogram

A

Record of the brains electricity

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30
Q

Meningioma

A

Meninges tumor

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31
Q

Meningeal

A

Pertaining to the mininges

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32
Q

Meningitis

A

Meninges inflammation

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33
Q

Myelogram

A

Record of the spinal cord

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34
Q

Myelitis

A

Spinal cord inflammation

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35
Q

Neural

A

Pertaining to nerves

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36
Q

Neuralgia

A

Nerve pain

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37
Q

Neuralectomy

A

Removal of the nerve

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38
Q

Neurologist

A

Specialist in nerves

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39
Q

Neuroma

A

Nerve tumor

40
Q

Neuropathy

A

Nerve disease

41
Q

Neuroplasty

A

Surgical repair of the nerves

42
Q

Polyneuritis

A

Inflammation of many nerves

43
Q

Neurorraphy

A

Suture of nerve

44
Q

Pontine

A

Pertaining to the pons

45
Q

Radiculitis

A

Nerve root inflammation

46
Q

Radiculopathy

A

Nerve root disease

47
Q

Thalamic

A

Pertaining to the thalamus

48
Q

Intrathecal

A

Pertaining to within the meninges

49
Q

Analgesia

A

Absence of pain or sensation

50
Q

Anesthesia

A

Lack of sensations

51
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

Excessive sensations

52
Q

Monoparesis

A

Weakness of one

53
Q

Aphasia

A

Lack of speech

54
Q

Dysphasia

A

Difficult speech

55
Q

Monoplegia

A

Paralysis of one

56
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of four

57
Q

Ataxia

A

Lack of muscle coordination

58
Q

Anesthesiology

A

Branch of medicine specialize in all aspects of Anesthesia

59
Q

Aura

A

Sensations, such as seeing colors or smelling an unusual odor, that occur just prior to an epileptic seizure or migraine headache

60
Q

Coma

A

Profound unconsciousness or stupor resulting from an illness or injury

61
Q

Concious

A

Condition of being awake and aware or surroundings

62
Q

Convulsion

A

Severe involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations. These have a variety of causes, such as epilepsy, fever, and toxic conditions

63
Q

Delirium

A

Abnormal mental state characterized by confusion, disorientation and agitation

64
Q

Dementia

A

Progressive impairment of intellectual function that interferes with performing activities of daily living. Patients have little awareness of their condition

65
Q

Focal seizure

A

Localized seizure often affecting one limb

66
Q

Hemiparisis

A

Weakness or loss of motion on one side of the body

67
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on only one side of the body

68
Q

Neurology

A

Branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and conditions of nervous system. Physician is a neurologist.

69
Q

Neurosurgery

A

Branch of medicine concerned with treating conditions and diseases of the nervous systems by surgical means. Physician is a neurosurgeon

70
Q

Palsy

A

Temporary or permanent loss of the ability to control movement

71
Q

Paralysis

A

Temporary or permanent loss of function or voluntary movement

72
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs

73
Q

Parathesia

A

Abnormal sensation such as burning or tingling

74
Q

Seizure

A

Sudden, uncontrollable onset symptoms; epileptic seizure

75
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting

76
Q

Tremor

A

Involuntary repetitive alternating movement of a part of the body

77
Q

Unconscious

A

Condition or state of being unaware of surroundings with the inability to respond to stimuli

78
Q

Absence seizure

A

Type of epileptic seizure the lamps only a few seconds to half a minute. Characterized by loss of awareness an abscess or nativity. It is also called petit mal seizures

79
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Chronic organic mental disorder consisting of dementia, which is more prevalent in adults between 40 and 60. Involves progress of disorientation, apathy, speech and gait disturbances, and loss of memory

80
Q

Astrocytoma

A

Tumor of the brain or spinal cord that is composed of astrocytes, one of the types of neuroglial cells

81
Q

Brain tumor

A

Intracranial mass, either benign or malignant. But not tumor of the brain can still be fatal since it will grow and cause pressure on normal brain tissue

82
Q

Cerebral aneurysm

A

Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery the result of a congenital defect or weakness in the wall of the vessel. I ruptured aneurysm is a common cause of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident

83
Q

Cerebral contusion

A

Bruising on the brain from the blower or impact. Symptoms last longer than 24 hours and include unconsciousness, dizziness, vomiting, unequal pupils size and shock

84
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Not progressive Brian damage resulting from a defect, trauma, or oxygen deprivation at the time of birth

85
Q

Cerebrovascular accident

A

The development of an infarct to school also the blood supply to an area of the brain

86
Q

Concussion

A

Injury to the brain resulting from the brain been shaking inside the school from a blow or impact

87
Q

Epilepsy

A

Recurrent disorder of the brain in with seizures and loss of consciousness occur as a result of uncontrolled electrical activity of the neurons in the brain

88
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain, causing the head to be enlarged. It is treated by creating an artificial shunt for the fluid to leave the brain. If left untreated, it may lead to seizures and mental retardation

89
Q

Migraine

A

Specific type of headache characterized by severe head pain, sensitivity to light, dizziness, and nausea

90
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Konica sort of the nervous system find tremors, muscular weakness, rigidity, and a shuffling gait. Name for Britain physician sir James Parkinson’s

91
Q

Tonic clinic seizure

A

Type of severe epileptic seizures are characterized by loss of consciousness and convulsions. Grand mal seizure

92
Q

Transient ischemic attack

A

Temporary interference with blood supply to the brewery, causing neurological symptoms such as dizziness, numbness, and hemiparesis

93
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

A

Disease but muscular weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of motor neurons of the spinal cord. Also call Lou Gehrig’s disease

94
Q

Meningocele

A

Congenital condition in which the meninges protrude through the opening in the vertebral column

95
Q

Myelominingocele

A

Congenital condition in which the meninges of spinal corporate true through and opening in the vertebral column

96
Q

Poliomyelitis

A

Viral inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord. Results in a very degrees of paralysis.

Medical Terminolgy (4 decks)

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