Chapter 12- Circulatory System

Question 1

what is the function of the circulatory system

Answer 1

acts as a transport service for the cells and maintains body temperature

Question 2

what does the circulatory system include

Answer 2

blood, heart and blood vessels

Question 3

what do Arteries do

Answer 3

carries away blood

Question 4

what do veins do

Answer 4

carry blood back to the heart

Question 5

what does the circulatory system transport

Answer 5

Nutrients, Hormones, Gases, and Wastes

Question 6

how many times does the the heart beat per minute

Answer 6

70

Question 7

Heart is surrounded by a tough epithelial membrane

Answer 7

Pericardium

Question 8

a fluid which helps to reduce friction when the heart beats

Answer 8

secretes

Question 9

muscle that divides that heart into two sides

Answer 9

septum

Question 10

flaps of tissues that open in only one direction to direct blood flow

Answer 10

Valves

Question 11

what are the four types of valves

Answer 11

tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral and aortic

Question 12

S-A node

Answer 12

Sinoatrial Node

Question 13

Sinoatrial Node

Answer 13

a small body of specialized muscle fibers, located in the right atrium of the heart, whose activity is responsible for beginning the heartbeat.

Question 14

what do the the sinoatrial nodes send

Answer 14

electrical impulses

Question 15

pacemaker

Answer 15

a small device used to treat some arrhythmias

Question 16

arrhythmias

Answer 16

or irregular heartbeat, is a problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat

Question 17

to connect the electrical systems of the atria and the ventricles, providing electrical impedance from the atria and an intrinsic pacemaker in its absence.

Answer 17

atrioventricular

Question 18

is the force the blood exerts on the walls of the arteries

Answer 18

blood pressure

Question 19

what are the two blood pressure measurements

Answer 19

Systolic/ Systole and Diastolic

Question 20

the pressure created when the ventricles contract

Answer 20

Systolic

Question 21

the pressure remaining when the ventricles relax

Answer 21

diastolic

Question 22

a condition of high blood pressure

Answer 22

Hypertension

Question 23

what is the normal blood pressure for males

Answer 23

120/80

Question 24

what is the normal blood pressure of a female

Answer 24

110/70

Question 25

are made of three layers and are elastic and strong

Answer 25

arteries

Question 26

thinner than arteries

Answer 26

veins

Question 27

less pressure than arteries

Answer 27

veins

Question 28

have valves to prevent backflow

Answer 28

veins

Question 29

carry blood towards heart

Answer 29

veins

Question 30

one cell thick

Answer 30

capillaries

Question 31

blood vessel where materials are exchanged (occurs in all tissues)

Answer 31

capillaries

Question 32

what is the function of the respiratory system

Answer 32

exchange gases with the blood

Question 33

what do cells receive

Answer 33

oxygen O2

Question 34

what do cells get rid of

Answer 34

CO2

Question 35

exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood

Answer 35

external respiration

Question 36

exchange of gases between the blood and the cells

Answer 36

internal respiration

Question 37

Site of external respiration

Answer 37

Lungs

Question 38

how many lobes does the right lung

Answer 38

3

Question 39

how many lobes does the left lung have

Answer 39

2

Question 40

what lines the lungs

Answer 40

pleural membrane

Question 41

what does the pleural membrane do

Answer 41

secretes a fluid to help reduce friction

Question 42

nasal cavity

Answer 42

The space inside the nose

Question 43

pharynx

Answer 43

serves both the respiratory and digestive systems by receiving air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity.

Question 44

epiglottis

Answer 44

a flap of cartilage at the root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe.

Question 45

Trachea

Answer 45

Windpipe

Question 46

Bronchioles

Answer 46

any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.

Question 47

bronchus

Answer 47

any of the major air passages of the lungs which diverge from the windpipe.

Question 48

alveoli

Answer 48

tiny air sacs

Question 49

Gas exchange in the alveoli occurs primarily by

Answer 49

diffusion

Question 50

how goes gas exchange happened

Answer 50

blood gives off carbon dioxide through the capillary wall into the alveoli and takes up oxygen from air in the alveoli

Question 51

why does gas exchange happen quickly

Answer 51

b/c of 300 million + alveoli

Question 52

what do 300 million + alveoli create

Answer 52

create a large surface area

Question 53

what do concentration gradients control

Answer 53

movement of gases

Question 54

Diaphragm contracts

Answer 54

inhale

Question 55

Diaphragm relaxes

Answer 55

exhale

Question 56

what is Diaphragm contraction and relaxation (inhaling and exhaling) controlled by

Answer 56

brain stem

Question 57

what is monitor

Answer 57

level of CO2 in the blood

Question 58

what does too much CO2 do

Answer 58

triggers the brain to make the diaphragm to contract faster

Question 59

TLC

Answer 59

Total Lung Capacity

Question 60

Total Lung Capacity

Answer 60

the amount of air in the lungs after deep inhalation, the vital capacity plus the residual volume

Question 61

RV

Answer 61

Residual Volume

Question 62

Residual Volume

Answer 62

the amount of air left in the lungs after a deep exhalation

Question 63

VC

Answer 63

vital capacity

Question 64

vital capacity

Answer 64

the amount of air exhaled in one breath, the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaling as much as possible

Question 65

Tidal Lung Capacity

Answer 65

the amount of air yours lungs hold during normal breathing, the amount of air moved in and out the body in one breathe

Question 66

What is the 1st step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 66

Deoxygenated blood enter right atrium from Vena Cava from the body

Question 67

What is the 2nd step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 67

it moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle

Question 68

What is the 3rd step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 68

Right Ventricle to Pulmonary arteries

Question 69

What is the 4th step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 69

The Pulmonary arteries send blood to lungs to get oxygen.

Question 70

What is the 5th step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 70

Lungs to left atrium through the pulmonary veins

Question 71

What is the 6th step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 71

Left atrium to left ventric

Question 72

What is the 7th step in the path of blood starting with the Right Atrium

Answer 72

left ventricle sends blood through the aorta to the blood

Question 73

when is BP highest

Answer 73

when it is leaving the heart through the aorta

Question 74

how does blood affect the body temp

Answer 74

blood perfusion through the vessels in the skin surface constantly adjusts to the skin temperature

Question 75

what is the function of the circulatory system

Answer 75

helps tissues get enough oxygen and nutrients, and it helps them get rid of waste products.

Question 76

what is the function of the pericardium

Answer 76

lubrication to reduce friction between the heart and the surrounding structures

Question 77

what is the purpose of your heart have valves

Answer 77

prevent the backward flow of blood.

Question 78

what is the purpose of veins having valves

Answer 78

prevent backflow

Question 79

what is the purpose of arteries having valves

Answer 79

do not have valves

Question 80

what are your three blood vessels

Answer 80

Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries

Question 81

Arteries

Answer 81

largest/ carry blood way

Question 82

what supplies heart with blood

Answer 82

Coronary artery

Question 83

Veins

Answer 83

Thinner/ carry poor oxygenated blood the heart (have valves)

Question 84

Capillaries

Answer 84

One cell thick/ where materials are exchanged

Question 85

what does pulmonary refer to

Answer 85

the lungs

Question 86

what veins don't carry poor blood back to the heart

Answer 86

Pulmonary veins

Question 87

how does the heart contract

Answer 87

electrical signals start in the right atrium (where the natural pacemaker is)

Question 88

where is the natural pacemaker

Answer 88

right atrium

Question 89

S-A Node

Answer 89

Sinoatrial Node

Question 90

Sinoatrial Node

Answer 90

a small body of specialized muscle fibers, located in the right atrium of the heart, whose activity is responsible for initiating the heartbeat.

Question 91

A-V Node

Answer 91

Atrioventricular Node

Question 92

Atrioventricular Node

Answer 92

It transmits the heart's electrical signal from the atrium to the ventricle, optimizes the coordination of each heartbeat, and, if atrial fibrillation occurs, protects the ventricles from being bombarded with a dangerous number of electrical signals.

Question 93

systolic/ systole

Answer 93

measures the pressure in your arteries when your heart beats

Question 94

diastole

Answer 94

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

Question 95

hyper

Answer 95

too high

Question 96

hypo

Answer 96

too low

Question 97

external respiration

Answer 97

gases between atmosphere and blood

Question 98

internal respiration

Answer 98

gases between the blood and the cells

Question 99

pleural membrane

Answer 99

in the lungs / a serous membrane that folds back on itself to form a two-layered membranous pleural sac. (reduces friction)

Question 100

Tidal Lung Capacity

Answer 100

300 mL

Question 101

Vital lung capacity

Answer 101

4800 mL

Question 102

Residual lung capacity

Answer 102

1200 mL

Question 103

Total Lung Capacity

Answer 103

6000 mL