Chapter 12 - Atomic Theory Flashcards
Wavelength (λ)
A length measured in m or nm
Frequency (v)
a 1/time unit represented by 1/s or Hertz (Hz)
Rydberg’s constant (Rh)
Rh = 2.179e-18 J
or 1.0974e7 m^(-1)m
Planck’s constant (h)
h = 6.626e-34 J*s
Speed of light (c)
c = 2.9979e8 m/s
Speed of light equation
c = λv = 2.9979e8 m/s
c: speed of light
λ: wavelength
v: frequency
Energy using Planck’s constant
E = hv = hc/λ
E: energy
h: Planck’s constant
v: frequency
c: speed of light
λ: wavelength
Change in energy using Rydberg’s constant
∆E = Rh(1/ni^2-1/nf^2) = hc/λ
∆E = change in energy
Rh = Rydberg’s constant, 2.179e-18 J
ni = initial orbital level
nf = final orbital level
h: Planck’s constant, 6.626e-34
c: speed of light
λ: wavelength
Rydberg for Ionization Energy
I = Rh(1/ni^2)*Z^2
Rh = Rydberg’s constant, 2.179e-18 J
I: ionization energy
ni: initial orbital level
Z: atomic number
de Broglie wavelength
Relating lambda, Planck’s constant, mass, and velocity
λ = h/(mu)
λ: Wavelength
m: mass
u: velocity
Quantum number n
Name: Principal
Values: 1,2,3,4…
Any positive integer between 1 and ∞
Concept: size and energy
Quantum number l
Name: Angular momentum
Values: 0 (s), 1(p), 2 (d), 3 (f)
Any non-negative integer less than quantum number n
Concept: shape
Quantum number ml
(l in subscript)
Name: Magnetic
Values: -l…l (negative l to l)
Any integer bound between quantum number l and -l
Concept: orientation, # of orbitals
Energy levels within a hydrogen atom
En = -Rhc/n^2
R: Rydberg’s constant, 1.0974e7 m^(-1)
h: Planck’s constant, 6.626e-34 J*s
c: speed of light, 2.9979e8 m/s
n: principal quantum number
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
(x)(m)(u)% = h/4π
x: any kind of length
m: mass
u: velocity
%: percent certainty
h: Planck’s constant, 6.626e-34
