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Physical Science > Chapter 12 > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Flashcards

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0
Q

Multiple pulleys put together in a single unit

A

Block and tackle

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1
Q

Which of the following is not a simple machine?

A

A pair of scissors

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2
Q

A dropped racquetball will not return to it’s original position because

A

Some of the mechanical energy is converted to nontechnical energy

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3
Q

The sum of an objects kinetic and potential energies

A

Mechanical energy

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4
Q

A lever it pulley connected to a shaft

A

Wheel and axle

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5
Q

The energy due to motion

A

Kinetic energy

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6
Q

What are the units of work?

A

All of these

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7
Q

An inclined plane

A

Changes both the magnitude and the direction of the force

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8
Q

A ramp is a simple inclined plane the allows one to apply an input force _____ the output force

A

Less than

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9
Q

A ramp is a _______ that decreases the force required to move an object while increasing the distance the object travels

A

Machine

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10
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A

If the kinetic energy of an object decreases, the nonmechanical energy will decrease

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11
Q

At the top of its arc, a thrown ball has _______ potential energy

A

Maximum

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12
Q

Which of the following is an example of a wheel and axle?

A

A screwdriver

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13
Q

An example of a second-class lever

A

Wheelbarrow

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14
Q

The transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that causes the body to move in the direction of the force is called

A

Work

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15
Q

What is the mechanical advantage of a single, fixed pulley?

A

1

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16
Q

The law of conservation of energy states that

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed

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17
Q

Gravitational potential energy depends on the

A

All of these

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18
Q

Which of the following is an example of a third-class lever?

A

A hand-held boat paddle

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19
Q

A boy exerts an average force if 50 N when he lifts a box 4 meters. How much work does he do?

A

200J

20
Q

The energy of an object due to its position,shape, or condition

A

Potential energy

21
Q

Energy that lies at the level of atoms and that does not affect motion on a large scale

A

Nonmechanical energy

22
Q

A system that receives energy from external sources is called

A

Open

23
Q

What is the mechanical advantage of a ramp that is 16 meters long and 2 meters high?

A

8

24
Q

Levers are divided into_______ classes based o the location of the fulcrum and of the input and output forces

A

Three

25
Q

Which of the following is an example of mechanical energy?

A

Potential energy

26
Q

______ is a measure of the ability to do work

A

Energy

27
Q

A wedge is a modified

A

Inclined plane

28
Q

Which of the following is not in the inclined plane family?

A

A wheel and axle

29
Q

How much power is required to do 200 J of work in 5 S?

A

40 W

30
Q

Mechanical energy can change to nonmechanical energy as a result of

A

Air resistance and friction

31
Q

______ is defined as the rate at which work is done

A

Power

32
Q

A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. the car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?

A

Zero

33
Q

Calculate the mechanical advantage of a wrench that allows you to move a bolt 0.1 M by moving the handle 0.3 M

A

3

34
Q

A pair of tweezers is

A

A compound machine made of two third-class levers

35
Q

As a dropped penny falls toward the ground ______ energy is converted to _______ energy

A

Potential, kinetic

36
Q

When a pitcher throws a softball to a catcher, the vibration of the individual atoms that make up the softball is considered ______ energy while the motion of the ball toward the catcher is considered ____ energy

A

Nonmechanical, mechanical

37
Q

What are the units of power?

A

All of these

38
Q

A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 100 N. if the crate moves a distance if 8.0 M, how much work does the man perform?

A

800 J

39
Q

What are the two families of simple machines?

A

Inclined plane and lever

40
Q

An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder

A

Screw

41
Q

Which of the following statements about work and energy is NOT true?

A

Work and energy are always equal

42
Q

The primary source of the suns energy is

A

Nuclear fusion

43
Q

A machine is a device that

A

Can multiply and change the direction of an input force

44
Q

A first-class lever has the

A

Fulcrum in the middle

45
Q

________ is the ratio of useful work output to work input

A

Efficiency

46
Q

The kind of energy associated with atomic bonds is

A

Chemical energy

47
Q

Lifting a car using a car jack is easier because it requires

A

Less force

Physical Science (6 decks)

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