Chapter 12 Flashcards
what are psychological disorders characterized by?
distressful, dysfunctional, and deviant thoughts/behaviors/feelings
how have the number of diagnoses and the number of people diagnosed with disorders have changed since the 1950s?
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what are the major characteristics of phobias?
persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation
what are the major characteristics of GAD?
continually tense, fearful, sleep deprived, state of autonomic nervous system arousal
what are the major characteristics of panic disorder?
unpredictable instances of intense dread; choking, chest pain, other frightening instances
what are the major characteristics of OCD?
unwanted and repetitive thoughts (obsessive) and/or actions (compulsions)
are males or females more likely to suffer from anxiety disorders?
females
what is the association between Group A strep and OCD?
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what are the characteristics of antisocial personality disorder?
exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist
what factors might play a part in the development of antisocial personality disorder?
genetics, childhood abuse, frontal lobe abilities
what are the four categories of symptoms for substance abuse disorders?
failure to meet obligations,
repeated use in situations where it is physically dangerous,
continued use despite problems caused by the substance,
repeated substance-related legal problems
what is tolerance?
the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect
what can withdrawal from depressants be associated with?
severe physical symptoms
what percentage of college students report academic problems related to alcohol use?
9/10
approximately how many students die each year from alcohol-related accidents? how many receive unintentional injuries while under the influence of alcohol?
1400; 500,000
what is the long-term effect of ecstasy on serotonin?
damages natural serotonin-producing neurons
what are the adverse effects of marijuana use for which there is research evidence?
impaired learning/memory, increased risk of psychological disorders, lung damage from smoke
how does driving under the influence of marijuana affect your chances of being in an accident?
impairs motor coordination, perceptual skills, and reaction time
give a basic description of dissociative disorder.
conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
give a basic description of major depression.
two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities
give a basic description of bipolar i.
alternation between lethargy and mania
give a basic description of bipolar ii.
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give a basic description of schizophrenia.
group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions/actions
what is “word salad”?
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how does major depression affect sleep and appetite?
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what is the difference between positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
inappropriate behaviors present, vs absent
