Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What were the key stages in the evolution of B2B e-commerce?

A
  1. Automated order entry systems - telephone modems to send digital orders’
  2. Electronic data interchange (EDI) - communication standard for sharing procurement documents
  3. B2B e-commerce Web sites - came with the commercialization of the Internet
  4. Net marketplaces - brings together suppliers with potential purchasing firms
  5. Private industrial networks - natural extension of EDI
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2
Q

Mention some potential benefits of B2B e-commerce

A

Lower administrative costs, lower search costs for buyers, reduced inventory costs, improved quality of products

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3
Q

Mention some potential risks and challenges of B2B e-commerce

A

Lack of real-time data, environmental impacts, natural disasters, labour concerns

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4
Q

What is the procurement process?

A

How firms purchase goods they need to produce goods for consumers

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5
Q

What are the two different types of procurements?

A
  1. Purchased of direct goods (directly involved in the production process)
  2. Purchased of indirect goods (all the other goods not directly involved in production)
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6
Q

What are the two different methods of purchasing goods?

A
  1. Contract purchases (long-term written agreements t0 purchase)
  2. Spot purchases (purchase of goods based on immediate needs)
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7
Q

What does Multi-tier supply chain describe?

A

The chain of primary, secondary and tertiary suppliers (tier 3)

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8
Q

What are some major trends in supply chain management?

A
  • Supply chain management (SCM) - activities to coordinate key players in their procurement process
  • Just-in-time production - eliminate excess inventory
  • Lean production - elimination of waste throughout the customer value chain
  • Supply chain simplifications - reduce size of supply chain
  • Adaptive supply chains
  • Accountable supply chains
  • Sustainable supply chains
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9
Q

What are some major trends in collaborative commerce?

A
  • EDI
  • Mobile B2B
  • Cloud-based B2B systems
  • Contemporary supply chain management (SCM) - based on supply chain simplifications, just in time and lean production
  • Collaborative commerce
    Social networks
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10
Q

What are some characteristics of Net marketplaces?

A
  • Bias
  • Ownership (industry vs. third party)
  • Pricing mechanism
  • Value creation
  • Scope/focus (horizontal/vertical)
  • Access to markets (private vs. public)
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11
Q

What are the 4 main types of “pure” net marketplaces?

A
  1. E-distributors - operates in a horizontal market serving many different industries with products from many different suppliers
  2. E-procurement net marketplaces - require paid fee to join the market and operates in a horizontal market
  3. Exchanges - vertical markets with a dynamic real-time environment. Charges commission on each transaction
  4. Industry consortia - vertical markets enabling buyers to purchase direct inputs from a limited set of invited participants
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12
Q

What does MRO stand for?

A

Maintenance, repair and operation supply

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13
Q

What are some objectives of private industrial networks?

A
  • Developing efficient purchasing and selling business processes industry-wide
  • Developing industry-wide resource planning to supplement enterprise-wide resource planning
  • Increasing supply chain visibility
  • Achieving closer buyer-supplier relationships
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14
Q

What are some forms of collaboration used by private industrial networks?

A
  • CPFR or industry-wide collaborative resource planning, forecasting and replenishment
  • Supply chain and distribution chain visibility
  • Marketing and product design collaboration
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