Chapter 11.1-11.3- Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

Trait

Answer 1

A specific characteristic of an individual

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein, and thus determines a trait—> factor that determines a trait

Question 3

Allele

Answer 3

One of a number of different forms of a gene

Question 4

Hybrid

Answer 4

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Question 5

True Breeding

Answer 5

Every generation makes the same characteristics

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene

Question 7

Heterozygous

Answer 7

Having two different alleles for a particular gene

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

Physical characteristic of an organism

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

Genetic makeup of an organism

Question 10

Dominant Allele

Answer 10

Allele that always shows itself in the offspring

Question 11

Recessive Allele

Answer 11

Allele that only shows itself when the dominant allele is not present.

Question 12

Segregation

Answer 12

The separation of alleles during gamete formation (meiosis)

Question 13

Independent Assortment

Answer 13

A principle discovered by Mendel that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

Question 14

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 14

Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele

Question 15

Codominance

Answer 15

Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed

Question 16

Multiple Allele

Answer 16

A gene that has more than two alleles

-Many genes exist in several different forms

Question 17

Polygenic Trait

Answer 17

Traits controlled by two or more genes

Question 18

Genetics

Answer 18

Th study of heredity