Chapter 11: Working with Client as Individual Flashcards
What are some common health issues involving young children?
Poverty
Obesity (Need good nutrition, exercise)
Injuries/accidents (Most common cause of disability/death. Injuries most often occur in the home environment- promote safety)
Ear/upper respiratory infections (from second hand smoke). Children of smokers are more likely to smoke.
Communicable diseases-Immunizations (follow schedule)
Bullying/peer pressure
Developmental and behaviour (see tables in chapter with age groups and common health concerns/developmental stages)
What are health related concerns for teens/adolescents?
Teen Pregnancy
STIs/HIV
Drug/alcohol use
Smoking/Vaping
Bullying/peer pressure
What are health considerations for CHNs working with women?
Women live longer than men but are less healthy (related to poverty)
Progressed toward equality (education of women has helped)
Teach self-breast exams, contraceptive counselling, alcohol use during pregnancy
Menopause (increased risk of osteoporosis)
Cardiovascular disease (causes death of women in Canada, causes disability, risk increases after menopause)
Diabetes (obesity increases risk)
Mental Illness (Depression)
Cancer (Breast cancer most common in women, lung causes more deaths)
What are health considerations for CHNs working with men?
Lower life expectancy/higher mortality rate than women
Men engage in more aggressive behaviours and don’t often seek help
Cancer (testicular in men 15-35 years old- teach about exams, prostate cancer is the most common in men, lung causes more deaths)
Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Respiratory Diseases
What are health related issues for older adults?
Reaction speed/psychomotor response slower, memory loss, intellectual impairments (3Ds- Dementia, Depression, Delirium)
Increased risk of depression (encourage participation in activities), social isolation, elder abuse, neglect, caregiver role strain
Prone to skin breakdown, dry, pruritus, increased risk heat stroke
Respiratory infections (increased risk), reduced ventilation
Orthostatic hypotension (falls), dysrhythmias
Periodontal disease, decreased swallowing, constipation
Incontinence and urinary tract infections (increased risk)
Osteoporosis (increased risk fractures), decreased muscle mass
Alterations in sensory function, decreased immune function
Lifestyle Approach
Goes beyond the individual (determinant of health), a balance between personal responsibility, social responsibility, and government responsibility (health promotion/disease prevention)
Economic burden of chronic illnesses in Canada is enormous
Chronic illnesses such as Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease and Respiratory Diseases are a concern globally and in Canada
Historically- leading cause of death worldwide-Cardiovascular Disease
2017-Cancer is the leading cause of death in Canada, followed by Cardiovascular Disease
3 Types of Effects Influencing a Person’s Health
Latent effects: biological and developmental events early in life (infancy)
Pathway effects: early life events/environments (social) that place an individual on a path that affects health later in life
Cumulative effects: multiple environments risks experienced at different ages that together increase risk of disease in adulthood
5 Principles of Healthy Living:
Prevention is a priority
Prevention is the hallmark of a quality health care system
Prevention is the first step in management
Many approaches can be used in health promotion
Health promotion is everyone’s business
