Chapter 11 - Work and Unemployment Flashcards
Global Economy
AN interconnected network of economic activity that transcends national borders
Economic Institution
The structure and means by which society produces, distributes, and consumes goods and services
Capitalism
An economic system in which private individuals or groups invest capital to produces goods and services, for a profit in a competitive market
Socialism
An economic ideology that emphasizes public rather than private ownership. Theoretically, goods and services are equitably distributed according to the needs of the citizen
Convergence Hypothesis
The argument that capitalist countries will adopt elements of socialism and socialist countries will adopt elements of capitalism; that is, the will converge
Corporate Multi-nationalism
The practice of corporations having their home base in one country and branches into other countries
Work Sectors:
Primary -
Secondary -
Tertiary -
Primary: Raw materials or food goods
Secondary: Manufactured goods from raw materials
Tertiary: Professional, manger, support jobs
Brain Drain
The phenomenon whereby many individuals with the highest level of skill and education leave the country in search of work
Technostress
Stress that arises specifically from having too many tasks to perform simultaneously, while keeping up with perpetually changing demands to operate new and emerging technologies
Anomie
A state of normlessness in which norms and values are weak or unclear; results from rapid social change and is linked to many social problems including crime, drug, violence and addiction
Discrimination Management
Individual efforts to prevent being targeted for discriminatory behaviours in the workplace
Bonded Labour
The repayment of debt through labour
Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Repetitive Strain Disorder
Work place injury that includes: muscle, tendon, vascular and nerve injuries. Usually from jobs that require a lot of upper body work
Alienation
Used by Karl Marx to describe the condition when workers feel powerlessness and meaningless as a result of performing repetitive isolating work tasks
Unemployment
Describes those who wants to work but are unable to work, or have no work present
Underemployment
Employment in a job that is underpaid; is not commensurate with one’s skills, experience or education, or involves working fewer than desired hours
Discriminatory Unemployment
High rates of unemployment among particular social groups such as racial and ethnic minorities
Structural Unemployment
When there are not enough jobs available for those who want them; unemployment that results from structural variable; such as government and business downsizing
Corporate Downsizing
Discharging large numbers of employees, euphemism for mass firing
Job exportation
Relocating of jobs to other countries where products can be produced more cheaply
Automation
Technology that is self-operated and accomplishes tasks formerly done by workers
Split Labour Market
The existence of primary and secondary labour markets,
Primary refers to jobs that are stable and economically rewarding and have many benefits
Secondary refers to labour market refers to jobs that offer little pay, no security, few benefits and little chance for advancement
Behaviour-based safety program
Controversial health and safety strategy used by business management in which health and safety problems in the workplace are attributed to workers’ behaviour rather than to work processes and conditions
Flextime
An option in work scheduling that allows employees to begin and end the workday at different times as long as they perform a given number of hours of work per week
Job Sharing
A work option in which two people share and are paid for one job
Compressed Workweek
A workplace option in which employees work a full week, full time but in four rather than 5 days
