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CLCV 102 > Chapter 11: Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 11: Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

function

A
  • removes unwanted waste materials + recycles other materials (metabolic wastes, toxins, excess ions, water from the bloodstream leaving the body as urine)
  • filters gallons of fluids from the bloodstream every day
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2
Q

nephrology

A

the study of kidneys

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3
Q

nephrologist

A

person who studies nephrology

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4
Q

urinalysis

A

clinical procedure that examines the composition of urine

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5
Q

albuminuria

A

albumin present in urine

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6
Q

anuria

A

without urination

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7
Q

azotemia

A

when kidneys are not working properly

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8
Q

bacteriuria

A

urinary tract infection because of bacteria

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9
Q

diuresis

A

temporary, excessive discharge of urine

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10
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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11
Q

glycosuria

A

abnormal presence of glucose in urine

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12
Q

hematuria

A

blood in urine

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13
Q

ketonuria

A

abnormal presence of ketone bodies in the urine

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14
Q

nocturia

A

need to urinate frequently at night

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15
Q

oliguria

A

reduced urination

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16
Q

polyuria

A

urinate too much

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17
Q

proteinuria

A

protein in urine

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18
Q

pyuria

A

pus in urine

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19
Q

acute kidney injury (AKI)

A

failure to produce urine

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20
Q

urethrocytstitis

A

infection of the urinary bladder and the urethra

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21
Q

cystocele

A

herniation of urinary bladder

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22
Q

cystolith

A

stone or calculus in urinary bladder

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23
Q

end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)

A

failure of both kidneys to form urine from any cause

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24
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary release of urine

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25
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

bedwetting

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26
Q

epispadias

A

congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus

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27
Q

glomerulonephropathy

A

any disease of glomeruli

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28
Q

glomerulonephritis / nephritis

A

inflammation of glomeruli

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29
Q

hydronephrosis

A

state of waterlike kidney

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30
Q

hypospadias

A

opposite of epispadias

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31
Q

incontinence

A

inability to hold in urine

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32
Q

nephroblastoma

A

nephroblastoma

33
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of one or more stones or calculi within a kidney

34
Q

nephroma

A

tumor of kidney

35
Q

nephromegaly

A

abnormally large kidney

36
Q

nephropathy

A

severe condition of the kidney that leads to end-stage kidney disease

37
Q

nephroptosis

A

floating kidney

38
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

kidneys are full of cysts

39
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of renal pelvis

40
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of kidneys

41
Q

stricture

A

narrowing and may cause blockage of urine

42
Q

stenosis / urethrostenosis

A

narrowing of urethra

43
Q

uremia

A

excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes are present in the blood

44
Q

ureteritis

A

inflammation of ureter

45
Q

ureterocele

A

herniated retention

46
Q

ureterolithiasis

A

condition of stonelike ureter

47
Q

urinary retention

A

kidneys making urine but blocked

48
Q

urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

infection of urinary organs

49
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

clinical lab test that measure concentration in sample of blood as an indicator of kidney function

50
Q

creatinine

A

normal component of urine and is a by-product of muscle metabolism

51
Q

cystectomy

A

surgical removal or the urinary bladder

52
Q

cystography

A

x-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder with injection of a contrast medium of dye

53
Q

cystourethrography

A

same as cystography but also include ureters

54
Q

voiding cystourethrogram

A

x-rays are taken before, during, and after urination to observe bladder function

55
Q

cystolithotomy

A

procedure in which an incision is made through the urinary bladder wall to remove a stone

56
Q

cystoplasty

A

surgical repair of the urinary bladder

57
Q

cystorrhaphy

A

suturing the urinary bladder wall

58
Q

cystoscopy

A

procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder

59
Q

cystostomy

A

surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder

60
Q

suprapubic cystotomy

A

incision is made just above the pubic cone and a catheter is inserted through the skin into the urinary bladder

61
Q

fulguration

A

surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric current

62
Q

dialysis

A

dissolving through

63
Q

hemodialysis

A

procedure that pushes a patient’s blood thorugh permeable membranes with an instrument

64
Q

lithotripsy

A

surgical technique that applies concentrated sound waves to pulverize or dissolve stone into smaller pieces that may then pass with urine through the urethra

65
Q

extracorporal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

A

ultrasonic energy from an instrument outside of the body is directed onto stone that are otherwise too large to pass through the urethra, pulverizing the stone into tiny particles that can pass with urine flow

66
Q

nephrectomy

A

surgical procedure that removes a kidney

67
Q

nephrography

A

x-ray technique producing an image of a kidney after injection of a contrast medium or dye

68
Q

nephrolysis

A

loosen kidney

69
Q

nephropexy

A

surgical fixation of dropped kidney

70
Q

nephroscopy

A

direct visualization of kidney

71
Q

nephrosonography

A

procedure used to create of kidney using ultrasound

72
Q

nephrostomy

73
Q

nephrotomography

A

recording process of cutting kidney

74
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

the use of artificial filtration to cleanse (or filter) fluids from the peritoneal cavity

75
Q

pyelogram

A

record the renal pelvis

76
Q

pyeloplasty

A

repair of renal pelvis

77
Q

renal transplant

A

kidney transplant

78
Q

specific gravity

A

measure of how concentrated urine is

79
Q

vesicourethral suspension

A

surgery that is performed to stabilize the position of the urinary baldder

CLCV 102 (8 decks)

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