Chapter 11: The Roman Phase Flashcards
Who were the Etruscans?
The Etruscans deeply influenced the development of Rome. They built thriving cities in Italy and Established political and economic alliances. They were defeated by the Greeks.
How was the Roman Republic established?
Romans replaced the monarchy with a republic. Two consuls were elected to yearly terms and wielded civil and military power. The senate advised the consul and ratified all major decisions.
Plebeian vs. Patrician
Patricians were the upper, wealthy class and plebeians were the common people.
What were the conflicts between plebeians and patricians?
Plebeians did not take role in the government and were very upset. So the patricians granted them limited role which eventually grew into a much larger role.
Describe Roman expansion
Once Rome conquered places they let them govern their own internal affairs but only let them form alliances with Rome. The Romans fought 5 major wars in Macedon and Anatolia.
What were the Punic wars?
A war between the Romans in Carthage that fought three devastating conflicts. The Romans then used their resources to finance continued imperial expansion
Which were latifundias?
Organized enormous plantations owned by wealthy elites.
Why did civil war break out and 87 B.C.E.? What was the result?
Marius took control of room place it under military occupation in hunted down his political enemies. Sulla then took control and initiated a grizzly slaughter of his enemies
Who was Julius Caesar? How did he rule?
Cesar spent enormous amounts of money sponsoring public spectacle’s which helped him remain in the public eye. He pulled up an Army intern against Rome naming himself dictator. He led a dictatorship disguised as a republic.
Who was Augustus and how did he rule?
Augustus defeated his principal ride from Mark Anthony and earned his title. His government was a monarchy disguised as a republic. he accumulated powers for himself and placed individuals loyal to him and all important positions
What was the pax Romana?
A long era of peace that facilitated economic and political integration
Describe Roman trade
Roman agriculture was concentrated on production for export. Romans traded with many other empires especially through the sea.
What were Roman cities attractions? How did that affect society?
Wealth was concentrated in the cities so residents came to expect a variety of comforts.
What were patera familias?
“Father of the family” they were in charge of marriages, duties, and punishments
Jesus of Nazareth
The founder of Christianity who believed in devotion to God and love for fellow humans.
