Chapter 10: The Greek Phase Flashcards
Describe Spartan society
Spartans extended their control over the Peloponnesus and converted them to servants. Due to fear of rebellion, the Spartans maintained a powerful military. Wealth had nothing to do with distinction but rather military talent.
Describe Athenian society
Athens was a democracy where only free males could take part, but eventually opened up. Eventually a man named Solon cancels all debts, forbade slavery, and freed those slaves from debt. He even provided representation for all in the government
Who was Pericles?
The most popular leader of Athens who transformed Athens into the most sophisticated of the poleis. “The education of Greece”
Why did the Greeks colonize?
To relieve population pressures. They often didn’t follow existing poli structures, but relied on their own resources and charted their own courses.
What were the effects of Greek colonization?
Facilitated trade, spread Greek language, spread cultural tradition, and brought wealth to small states.
Describe the Persian wars
After Athens interfered in Persian affairs, Persia mounted a campaign against Greece. This started a century long battle that occurred intermittently
Describe the Peloponnesian war
The Delian league formed in response to discourage any of persias further actions. Other poleis contributed to the campaign but stopped once they realized it was only benefitting Athens. This causes a huge war between Sparta and Athens.
Who was Alexander of Macedon?
Alexander was the successor of Philip. He proved to be a brilliant conquer but did not live long enough to construct a genuine state or develop a system of administration. His death caused the division of greece into the Hellenistic empires
What were the Hellenistic empires and explain each
The Antigonid Empire was the smallest but benefitted greatly.
The Ptolemaic was the wealthiest empire that contained the capital, Alexandria
Seleucid empire was the largest and had the largest Greek influence
Describe Greek trade
Greece was ideally suited for the production olives and grapes. They made a profit off of Olive oil and wine. Trade have generated considerable wealth in the Greek world.
Describe Greek commercial and economical organization
Large volumes of treed promoted commercial and economic organization. Often people formed partnerships to spread the risk of commercial ventures.
What were the panhellenic festivals? Describe the Olympic games
The Panhellenic festivals included athletic, literary , or musical contests that reinforced Greek bonds. The best known of these festivals were the Olympic games where the best athletes of the polis would compete in contests
What was Greek society like?
They had a strictly patriarchal society where men had the right to decide marriages, jobs of their children, and whether or not to keep infants alive. Women began to wear veils to discourage the attention from other males.
Who was Sappho?
A poet who taught young women about music and literature.
Who was Socrates and what did he believe?
Socrates posed questions that encouraged reflection on human issues. He scored those preferred public accolades to personal integrity in believed that honor was far more important than wealth.
