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European History > Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation > Flashcards

Chapter 11: The Age of Reformation Flashcards

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1
Q

Thirteenth century lay religious movements

A

Albigensians
Waldensians
Beguines
Beghards

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2
Q

Albigensians
Waldensians
Beguines
Beghards

A

Thirteenth century lay religious movements

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3
Q

Fifteenth century lay religious movements

A

Lollards

Hussites

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4
Q

Lollards

Hussites

A

Fifteenth century lay religious movements

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5
Q

One of the most successful lay movements which fostered religion in ordinary life and was active in education

A

Brothers of the Common Life (The Modern Devotion)

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6
Q

Brothers of the Common Life (The Modern Devotion)

A

One of the most successful lay movements which fostered religion in ordinary life and was active in education

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7
Q

Founder of the Brothers of the Common Life

A

Gerard Groote

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8
Q

Gerard Groote

A

Founder of the Brothers of the Common Life

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9
Q

Claimed the church had an infinite treasury of good works

A

Pope Clement VI

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10
Q

Pope Clement VI

A

Claimed the church had an infinite treasury of good works

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11
Q

Extended indulgences to cover purgatory

A

Pope Sixtus IV

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12
Q

Pope Sixtus IV

A

Extended indulgences to cover purgatory

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13
Q

Paired with the pope to sell indulgences to cover debts

A

Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz

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14
Q

Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz

A

Paired with the pope to sell indulgences to cover debts

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15
Q

Famous indulgence preacher

A

John Tetzel

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16
Q

John Tetzel

A

Famous indulgence preacher

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17
Q

Extremely catholic holy roman emperor

A

Charles V

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18
Q

Charles V

A

Extremely catholic holy roman emperor

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19
Q

Leader of the Swiss reformation

A

Ulrich Zwingli

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20
Q

Ulrich Zwingli

A

Leader of the Swiss reformation

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21
Q

Tried the unite Swiss and German protestants

A

Landgrave Philip of Hesse

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22
Q

Landgrave Philip of Hesse

A

Tried the unite Swiss and German protestants

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23
Q

Originated anabaptism

A

Conrad Grebel

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24
Q

Conrad Grebel

A

Originated anabaptism

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25
Q

Leaders of anabaptist takeover of Munster

A

Jan Matthys of Haarlem

Jan Beukelsz of Leiden

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26
Q

Jan Matthys of Haarlem

Jan Beukelsz of Leiden

A

Leaders of anabaptist takeover of Munster

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27
Q

Leader of moderate anabaptism who set the example for the future

A

Menno Simons

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28
Q

Menno Simons

A

Leader of moderate anabaptism who set the example for the future

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29
Q

Spiritualist who had a close connection with Anabaptist leaders in Germany and Switzerland and died as a result of a peasants’ revolt

A

Thomas Muntzer

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30
Q

Thomas Muntzer

A

Spiritualist who had a close connection with Anabaptist leaders in Germany and Switzerland and died as a result of a peasants’ revolt

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31
Q

Spiritualist freelance critic of all dogmatic religion who claimed the autonomy of every soul

A

Sebastian Franck

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32
Q

Sebastian Franck

A

Spiritualist freelance critic of all dogmatic religion who claimed the autonomy of every soul

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33
Q

Prolific Spiritualist writer and wanderer

A

Caspar Schwenckfeld

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34
Q

Caspar Schwenckfeld

A

Prolific Spiritualist writer and wanderer

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35
Q

Executed in Geneva for “blasphemies against the Holy Trinity”

A

Michael Servetus

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36
Q

Michael Servetus

A

Executed in Geneva for “blasphemies against the Holy Trinity”

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37
Q

Founders of Socinianism

A

Lelio and Faustus Sozzini

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38
Q

Lelio and Faustus Sozzini

A

Founders of Socinianism

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39
Q

Founder of Calvinism, prominent in Geneva

A

John Calvin

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40
Q

John Calvin

A

Founder of Calvinism, prominent in Geneva

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41
Q

Protestant reformers sent by Bern to Geneva

A

Guillaume Farel

Antoine Froment

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42
Q

Guillaume Farel

Antoine Froment

A

Protestant reformers sent by Bern to Geneva

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43
Q

Leaders of Schmalkaldic League

A

Landgrave Philip of Hesse

Elector John Frederick of Saxony

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44
Q

Landgrave Philip of Hesse

Elector John Frederick of Saxony

A

Leaders of Schmalkaldic League

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45
Q

Praeceptor of Germany

A

Philip Melanchthon

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46
Q

Philip Melanchthon

A

Praeceptor of Germany

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47
Q

Brought the reformation to Denmark

A

Christian II

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48
Q

Christian II

A

Brought the reformation to Denmark

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49
Q

Danish king who joined the Schmalkaldic League

A

Frederick I

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50
Q

Frederick I

A

Danish king who joined the Schmalkaldic League

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51
Q

Made Lutheranism the official religion of Denmark

A

Christian III

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52
Q

Christian III

A

Made Lutheranism the official religion of Denmark

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53
Q

Swedish king who embraced lutheranism

A

Gustavus Vasa

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54
Q

Gustavus Vasa

A

Swedish king who embraced lutheranism

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55
Q

Strasbourg reformer who departed to England after 1547

A

Martin Bucer

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56
Q

Martin Bucer

A

Strasbourg reformer who departed to England after 1547

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57
Q

Picked by Charles to rule Saxony, shifted to Protestantism soon after

A

Maurice of Saxony

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58
Q

Maurice of Saxony

A

Picked by Charles to rule Saxony, shifted to Protestantism soon after

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59
Q

Translated bible into English while in Germany

A

William Tyndale

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60
Q

William Tyndale

A

Translated bible into English while in Germany

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61
Q

Chief Ministers of Henry VIII who opposed reformation

A

Cardinal Thomas Wolsley

Sir Thomas More

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62
Q

Cardinal Thomas Wolsley

Sir Thomas More

A

Chief Ministers of Henry VIII who opposed reformation

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63
Q

“Defender of Faith” after defended the seven sacraments

A

Henry VIII

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64
Q

Henry VIII

A

“Defender of Faith” after defended the seven sacraments

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65
Q

Henry VIII’s first wife

A

Catherine of Aragon

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66
Q

Catherine of Aragon

A

Henry VIII’s first wife

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67
Q

Advisers to the King who had Lutheran sympathies

A

Thomas Cranmer

Thomas Cromwell

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68
Q

Thomas Cranmer

Thomas Cromwell

A

Advisers to the King who had Lutheran sympathies

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69
Q

Refused to recognize the Act of Succession and the Act of Supremacy

A

Thomas More

John Fisher bishop of Rochester

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70
Q

Thomas More

John Fisher bishop of Rochester

A

Refused to recognize the Act of Succession and the Act of Supremacy

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71
Q

Henry’s third wife, died in childbirth

A

Jane Seymour

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72
Q

Jane Seymour

A

Henry’s third wife, died in childbirth

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73
Q

Henry’s fourth wife, anulled

A

Anne of Cleves

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74
Q

Anne of Cleves

A

Henry’s fourth wife, anulled

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75
Q

Henry’s fifth wife, beheaded

A

Catherine Howard

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76
Q

Catherine Howard

A

Henry’s fifth wife, beheaded

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77
Q

Henry’s sixth wife, survived

A

Catherine Parr

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78
Q

Catherine Parr

A

Henry’s sixth wife, survived

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79
Q

Book which summarized the philosophy of the Brothers of the Common Life

A

Thomas a Kempis

Imitation of Christ

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80
Q

Thomas a Kempis

Imitation of Christ

A

Book which summarized the philosophy of the Brothers of the Common Life

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81
Q

Church positions were sold to the highest bidder

A

Benifice

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82
Q

Benifice

A

Church positions were sold to the highest bidder

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83
Q

Belief that faith in Christ was enough to guarantee salvation

A

Justification by Faith

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84
Q

Justification by Faith

A

Belief that faith in Christ was enough to guarantee salvation

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85
Q

Remission of the temporal penalty imposed by priests on penitents

A

Indulgences

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86
Q

Indulgences

A

Remission of the temporal penalty imposed by priests on penitents

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87
Q

Martin Luther

Protested indulgences

A

95 theses

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88
Q

95 theses

A

Martin Luther

Protested indulgences

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89
Q

Urged German Princes to force reforms on the church

A

Martin Luther

The Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

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90
Q

Martin Luther

The Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

A

Urged German Princes to force reforms on the church

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91
Q

Attacked the traditional seven sacraments of the church

A

Martin Luther

The Babylonian Captivity of The Church

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92
Q

Martin Luther

The Babylonian Captivity of The Church

A

Attacked the traditional seven sacraments of the church

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93
Q

Summarized the new teaching of salvation by faith alone

A

Martin Luther

Freedom of a Christian

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94
Q

Martin Luther

Freedom of a Christian

A

Summarized the new teaching of salvation by faith alone

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95
Q

Pope condemned Luther for heresy

A

Papal bull Exsurge Domine

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96
Q

Papal bull Exsurge Domine

A

Pope condemned Luther for heresy

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97
Q

Excommunicated Luther

A

Pontificem Romanum

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98
Q

Pontificem Romanum

A

Excommunicated Luther

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99
Q

Allowed each territory to enforce the Edict of Worms

A

Diet of Speyer

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100
Q

Diet of Speyer

A

Allowed each territory to enforce the Edict of Worms

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101
Q

Reinforced princely control over religion

A

Peace of Augsburg

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102
Q

Reinforced princely control over religion

A

Peace of Augsburg

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103
Q

Caused Zwingli to become a critic of foreign mercenary service

A

Battle of Marignano

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104
Q

Battle of Marignano

A

Caused Zwingli to become a critic of foreign mercenary service

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105
Q

Meeting organized by Philip of Hesse between Luther and Zwingli

A

The Marburg Colloquy

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106
Q

The Marburg Colloquy

A

Meeting organized by Philip of Hesse between Luther and Zwingli

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107
Q

Embodied semi-Zwinglian theological views

A

Tetrapolitan Confession

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108
Q

Tetrapolitan Confession

A

Embodied semi-Zwinglian theological views

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109
Q

Battle of swiss civil war, ended in a protestant victory

A

First Battle at Kappel

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110
Q

First Battle at Kappel

A

Battle of swiss civil war, ended in a protestant victory

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111
Q

Ended with Zwingli’s death and religious toleration

A

Second Battle at Kappel

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112
Q

Second Battle at Kappel

A

Ended with Zwingli’s death and religious toleration

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113
Q

Baptism should only be performed on consenting adults

A

Anabaptism

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114
Q

Anabaptism

A

Baptism should only be performed on consenting adults

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115
Q

Another name for anabaptists

A

Swiss Brethren

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116
Q

Swiss Brethren

A

Another name for anabaptists

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117
Q

Embodied the beliefs of Grebel’s group

A

Schleitheim Confession

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118
Q

Schleitheim Confession

A

Embodied the beliefs of Grebel’s group

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119
Q

John Calvin

Articles for governance for the new church in Geneva

A

Rules Governing Genevan Moral Behavior

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120
Q

Institutes of the Christian Religion

A

John Calvin

Considered by many to be the definitive statement of the Protestant faith

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121
Q

Meeting between Catholics and protestants led by Charles V which decided that all protestants must convert

A

Diet of Augsburg

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122
Q

Diet of Augsburg

A

Meeting between Catholics and protestants led by Charles V which decided that all protestants must convert

123
Q

Protestant defense force

A

Schmalkaldic League

124
Q

Schmalkaldic League

A

Protestant defense force

125
Q

Moderate statement of Protestant beliefs that had been spurned by Charles V

A

Augsburg Confession

126
Q

Augsburg Confession

A

Moderate statement of Protestant beliefs that had been spurned by Charles V

127
Q

Martin Luther

More strongly worded Protestant Confession

A

Schmalkaldic Articles

128
Q

Schmalkaldic Articles

A

Martin Luther

More strongly worded Protestant Confession

129
Q

Judicial bodies composed of theologians and lawyers which oversaw and administered new Protestant churches

A

Consistories

130
Q

Consistories

A

Judicial bodies composed of theologians and lawyers which oversaw and administered new Protestant churches

131
Q

Subjected the Swedish clergy to royal authority

A

Diet of Vesteras

132
Q

Diet of Vesteras

A

Subjected the Swedish clergy to royal authority

133
Q

Mandated that Protestants readopt old Catholic beliefs and practices

A

Augsburg Interim

134
Q

Augsburg Interim

A

Mandated that Protestants readopt old Catholic beliefs and practices

135
Q

Gave Lutherans religious freedoms

A

Peace of Passau

136
Q

Peace of Passau

A

Gave Lutherans religious freedoms

137
Q

Ruler of land determines the religion of the land

A

Cuius regio, eius religio

138
Q

Cuius regio, eius religio

A

Ruler of land determines the religion of the land

139
Q

Thomas More

Defended seven sacraments

A

Response to Luther

140
Q

Response to Luther

A

Thomas More

Defended seven sacraments

141
Q

Clergy recognized Henry as head the church

A

The Convocation

142
Q

The Convocation

A

Clergy recognized Henry as head the church

143
Q

Made Boleyn’s children legitimate heirs

A

The Act of Succession

144
Q

The Act of Succession

A

Made Boleyn’s children legitimate heirs

145
Q

Made Henry “the only supreme head in earth of the Church of England.”

A

The Act of Supremacy

146
Q

The Act of Supremacy

A

Made Henry “the only supreme head in earth of the Church of England.”

147
Q

Henry’s mild concessions to Protestant tenets

A

The Ten Articles

148
Q

The Ten Articles

A

Henry’s mild concessions to Protestant tenets

149
Q

Henry VIII
Reaffirmed transubstantiation, denied the Eucharistic cup to the laity, declared celibate vows inviolable, provided for private masses and orderred the continuation of auricular confession

A

The Six Articles

150
Q

The Six Articles

A

Henry VIII
Reaffirmed transubstantiation, denied the Eucharistic cup to the laity, declared celibate vows inviolable, provided for private masses and orderred the continuation of auricular confession

151
Q

Places where endowed masses had traditionally been said for the dead

A

Chantries

152
Q

Chantries

A

Places where endowed masses had traditionally been said for the dead

153
Q

Imposed Book of Common Prayer on all English churches

A

Act of Uniformity

154
Q

Act of Uniformity

A

Imposed Book of Common Prayer on all English churches

155
Q

Book by Thomas Cranmer

A

Book of Common Prayer

156
Q

Book of Common Prayer

A

Book by Thomas Cranmer

157
Q

Imposed a revised edition of the Book of Common Prayer

A

Second Act of Uniformity

158
Q

Second Act of Uniformity

A

Imposed a revised edition of the Book of Common Prayer

159
Q

42 articles taught justification by faith and supremacy of Holy Scripture, denied transubstantiation and recognized only two sacraments

A

Confession of faith by Thomas Cranmer

160
Q

Confession of faith by Thomas Cranmer

A

42 articles taught justification by faith and supremacy of Holy Scripture, denied transubstantiation and recognized only two sacraments

161
Q

The reformation broke out

A

Saxony, Germany

162
Q

Saxony, Germany

A

The reformation broke out

163
Q

95 Theses posted

A

Castle Church, Wittenberg

164
Q

Castle Church, Wittenberg

A

95 Theses posted

165
Q

Both battles of Swiss civil war

A

Kappel

166
Q

Kappel

A

Both battles of Swiss civil war

167
Q

Anabaptist extremist reign

A

Munster

168
Q

Munster

A

Anabaptist extremist reign

169
Q

Religious pluralism thrived in late 16th century

A

Poland

170
Q

Poland

A

Religious pluralism thrived in late 16th century

171
Q

Refuge for Protestants after 1547

A

Magdeburg, Germany

172
Q

Magdeburg, Germany

A

Refuge for Protestants after 1547

173
Q

Where future English reformers met to discuss Lutheran writings

A

White Horse Inn in Cambridge

174
Q

White Horse Inn in Cambridge

A

Where future English reformers met to discuss Lutheran writings

175
Q

Martin Luther received master-of-arts degree

A

1505

176
Q

1505

A

Martin Luther received master-of-arts degree

177
Q

Luther entered the Order of the Hermits of Saint Augustine

A

July 17. 1505

178
Q

July 17. 1505

A

Luther entered the Order of the Hermits of Saint Augustine

179
Q

Luther ordained

A

1507

180
Q

1507

A

Luther ordained

181
Q

Luther moved to Augustinian Monastery in Wittenberg

A

1511

182
Q

1511

A

Luther moved to Augustinian Monastery in Wittenberg

183
Q

Luther received doctorate in theology

A

`1512

184
Q

`1512

A

Luther received doctorate in theology

185
Q

Luther developed justification by faith alone

A

1513 to 1518

186
Q

1513 to 1518

A

Luther developed justification by faith alone

187
Q

The church claimed it had an infinite treasury of good works

A

1343

188
Q

1343

A

The church claimed it had an infinite treasury of good works

189
Q

Indulgence were extended to cover purgatory

A

1476

190
Q

1476

A

Indulgence were extended to cover purgatory

191
Q

Revival of Jubilee Indulgence

A

1517

192
Q

1517

A

Revival of Jubilee Indulgence

193
Q

Luther posted his 95 theses protesting indulgences

A

October 31, 1517

194
Q

October 31, 1517

A

Luther posted his 95 theses protesting indulgences

195
Q

Emperor Maximilian I died

A

January 19, 1519

196
Q

January 19, 1519

A

Emperor Maximilian I died

197
Q

Debate in Leipzig

A

June 27, 1519

198
Q

June 27, 1519

A

Debate in Leipzig

199
Q

Luther created three pamphlets which signaled a shift in direction

A

1520

200
Q

1520

A

Luther created three pamphlets which signaled a shift in direction

201
Q

Luther condemned by pope

A

June 15, 1520

202
Q

June 15, 1520

A

Luther condemned by pope

203
Q

Luther excommunicated

A

January 3,1521

204
Q

January 3,1521

A

Luther excommunicated

205
Q

Diet of Worms

A

April 1521

206
Q

April 1521

A

Diet of Worms

207
Q

Luther placed under imperial ban

A

May 26, 1521

208
Q

May 26, 1521

A

Luther placed under imperial ban

209
Q

Luther hidden in castle

A

April 1521 to March 1522

210
Q

April 1521 to March 1522

A

Luther hidden in castle

211
Q

German Diet of Speyer

A

1526

212
Q

1526

A

German Diet of Speyer

213
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

1555

214
Q

1555

A

Peace of Augsburg

215
Q

Battle of Marignano

A

1515

216
Q

1515

A

Battle of Marignano

217
Q

Zwingli entered competition to be people’s priest in Zurich

A

1519

218
Q

1519

A

Zwingli entered competition to be people’s priest in Zurich

219
Q

Zwingli broke the Lenten fast

A

1522

220
Q

1522

A

Zwingli broke the Lenten fast

221
Q

The Marburg Colloquy

A

October 1529

222
Q

October 1529

A

The Marburg Colloquy

223
Q

First battle at Kappel

A

June 1529

224
Q

June 1529

A

First battle at Kappel

225
Q

Second battle at Kappel

A

October 1531

226
Q

October 1531

A

Second battle at Kappel

227
Q

First adult rebaptism

A

January 1525

228
Q

January 1525

A

First adult rebaptism

229
Q

Schleitheim Confession

A

1527

230
Q

1527

A

Schleitheim Confession

231
Q

Rebaptism became a capital offense in HRE

A

1529

232
Q

1529

A

Rebaptism became a capital offense in HRE

233
Q

Anabaptist reign in Munster

A

1534-1535

234
Q

1534-1535

A

Anabaptist reign in Munster

235
Q

Calvin converted to Protestantism

A

1534

236
Q

1534

A

Calvin converted to Protestantism

237
Q

Calvin surrendered his benefices

A

May 1534

238
Q

May 1534

A

Calvin surrendered his benefices

239
Q

Bern dispatched two reformers to Geneva

A

1533

240
Q

1533

A

Bern dispatched two reformers to Geneva

241
Q

Protestants in Geneva triumphed

A

1535

242
Q

1535

A

Protestants in Geneva triumphed

243
Q

Geneva adopted reformation

A

May 21, 1536

244
Q

May 21, 1536

A

Geneva adopted reformation

245
Q

Calvin arrived in Geneva

A

July 1536

246
Q

July 1536

A

Calvin arrived in Geneva

247
Q

Calvin’s Rules Governing Genevan Moral Behavior

A

1537

248
Q

1537

A

Calvin’s Rules Governing Genevan Moral Behavior

249
Q

Geneva elected syndics favorable to Calvin and determined to become independent from Bern

A

1540

250
Q

1540

A

Geneva elected syndics favorable to Calvin and determined to become independent from Bern

251
Q

Calvin returned to Geneva

A

September 1540

252
Q

September 1540

A

Calvin returned to Geneva

253
Q

Michael Servetus executed by Calvin

A

1553

254
Q

1553

A

Michael Servetus executed by Calvin

255
Q

All syndics were devout Calvinists

A

1555

256
Q

1555

A

All syndics were devout Calvinists

257
Q

Diet of Augsburg

A

1530

258
Q

1530

A

Diet of Augsburg

259
Q

Formation of Schmalkaldic League

A

February 1531

260
Q

February 1531

A

Formation of Schmalkaldic League

261
Q

Schmalkaldic League crushed

A

1547

262
Q

1547

A

Schmalkaldic League crushed

263
Q

Defeat of Catholic forces

A

1552

264
Q

1552

A

Defeat of Catholic forces

265
Q

Peace of Passau

A

August 1552

266
Q

August 1552

A

Peace of Passau

267
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

September 1555

268
Q

September 1555

A

Peace of Augsburg

269
Q

Circulation of Tyndale’s bible began

A

1526

270
Q

1526

A

Circulation of Tyndale’s bible began

271
Q

Response to Luther

A

1523

272
Q

1523

A

Response to Luther

273
Q

Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon

A

1509

274
Q

1509

A

Henry VIII’s marriage to Catherine of Aragon

275
Q

Reformation Parliament

A

1529

276
Q

1529

A

Reformation Parliament

277
Q

The Convocation

A

January 1531

278
Q

January 1531

A

The Convocation

279
Q

Marriage to Anne Boleyn

A

January 1533

280
Q

January 1533

A

Marriage to Anne Boleyn

281
Q

Parliament made the king the highest court of appeal

A

February 1533

282
Q

February 1533

A

Parliament made the king the highest court of appeal

283
Q

Cranmer led the Convocation in invalidating Henry’s marriage to Catherine

A

March 1533

284
Q

March 1533

A

Cranmer led the Convocation in invalidating Henry’s marriage to Catherine

285
Q

Parliament ended payments to Rome

A

1534

286
Q

1534

A

Parliament ended payments to Rome

287
Q

Anne Boleyn executed

A

1536

288
Q

1536

A

Anne Boleyn executed

289
Q

The Ten Articles

A

1536

290
Q

1536

A

The Ten Articles

291
Q

The Six Articles

A

1539

292
Q

1539

A

The Six Articles

293
Q

Chantries dissolved

A

1547

294
Q

1547

A

Chantries dissolved

295
Q

Act of Uniformity

A

1549

296
Q

1549

A

Act of Uniformity

297
Q

Images and altars removed from churches in England

A

1550

298
Q

1550

A

Images and altars removed from churches in England

299
Q

German protestants began fleeing to England in large numbers

A

1547

300
Q

1547

A

German protestants began fleeing to England in large numbers

301
Q

Second Act of Uniformity

A

1552

302
Q

1552

A

Second Act of Uniformity

303
Q

Mary I became queen and reverted to Catholicism

A

1553

304
Q

1553

A

Mary I became queen and reverted to Catholicism

European History (2 decks)

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