Chapter 11- Solutions and Colloids

Question 1

solution

Answer 1

homogeneos mixture of 2 mor more substances

Question 2

solvent

Answer 2

component present in high concentration

Question 3

sulute

Answer 3

component prensent in low concentration

Question 4

strong electrolytes

Answer 4

completely dissociate into ion

Question 5

weak electrolytes

Answer 5

partiall dissociate into ions

Question 6

nonelectrolytes

Answer 6

stay as intact molecules

Question 7

solubility

Answer 7

of a solute in a particular solvent is the maximum concentration that may be archieved under given condition when the dissolution process at dynamic equilibrium

Question 8

saturated solution

Answer 8

a solution containing solute that is equal to solubility ; maximum concentration of solute possible for a given tem an pressure
(additional solu will not dissolve)

Question 9

unsaturated solution

Answer 9

a solution containing less solute than solubility

more solute will dissolve

Question 10

supersaturated solution

Answer 10

a solution containing of concentration that exeeds solubility( a nonequilibrium state)

Question 11

use curve to predid if saturated

Answer 11

on the curve

Question 12

use curve to predict if unsaturated

Answer 12

below the curve

Question 13

use curve to predict if supersaturated

Answer 13

above the curve

Question 14

solubility dependence for a solid

Answer 14

if temp increase= solubility increase

Question 15

solubility dependence of temp on a gas

Answer 15

if temp increase= solubilty decreae

Question 16

solubility dependence of pressure on a gas

Answer 16

if pressure increase= solubility increase

Question 17

colligative properties

Answer 17

property of a solution that depends only on the concentration of a silute species, not the type of particle

Question 18

4 types of colligative properties

Answer 18

1. vapor pressure lowweing
2. freexing point depression
3. boiling point elevation
4. osmotic pressure

Question 19

colligative properties are similar in that they all

Answer 19

depend on the number of solute particles in solution

Question 20

electrolyte

Answer 20

a substance that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

Question 21

nonelectrolyte

Answer 21

a compound that does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water

Question 22

vant hoff factor

Answer 22

(i) the ratio of moles of particles in a solution to the moles of formula int disolved in the solution

Question 23

nonelectrolyte van hof factor is always

Answer 23

1

Question 24

formula for (i) vant hoff factor

Answer 24

moles particles in a solution/ moles of formula unti dissolved

Question 25

raoults law

Answer 25

the partial pressure exerted by any component of an ideal solution is equal to the vapor pressure of the pur component multipled by its mole fration in the solution

Question 26

freezing point depression

Answer 26

lowering of the freesing point of a liquid by adding a solute

Question 27

boiling boint elevation

Answer 27

elevation of the boiling point of a lkiquid by adding a solute

Question 28

osmosis

Answer 28

the diffusion of solvent from a solution of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane

Question 29

initial

Answer 29

a semipermeable membrane selectively allows only solvent (small size) to pass but not the solute (big size).

Question 30

at equilibrium

Answer 30

he solution level on the left side rises, while the water level on the right side falls.

Question 31

osmotic pressure

Answer 31

is the opposing pressure required to prevent the movemtn of solvent molecules though a semipermeable membrane