chapter 11 - qualitative analysis

Question 1

test + test results for identifying carbonate (cation)

Answer 1

add dilute acid

effervescence, carbon dioxide produced

Question 2

test + test results for identifying chloride (cation)

Answer 2

acidify with nitric acid
add aqueous silver nitrate

white precipitate

Question 3

test + test results for identifying iodide (cation)

Answer 3

acidify with nitric acid
add aqueous silver nitrate

Question 4

test + test results for identifying nitrate (cation)

Answer 4

add aqueous sodium hydroxide, then aluminium foil
warm carefully

ammonia produced

Question 5

test + test results for identifying sulfate (cation)

Answer 5

acidify with dilute nitric acid
add aqueous barium sulfate

white precipitate

Question 6

test for ammonia gas

Answer 6

turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 7

test for carbon dioxide

Answer 7

gives white precipitate with limewater

Question 8

test for chlorine

Answer 8

bleaches damp litmus paper

Question 9

hydrogen

Answer 9

‘pops’ with a lighted splint

Question 10

oxygen

Answer 10

relights a glowing splint

Question 11

sulfur dioxide

Answer 11

turns aqueous acidified potassium manganate (VII) from purple to colourless

Question 12

effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide on aluminium

Answer 12

white precipitate, soluble in excess, giving a colourless solution

Question 13

effect of aqueous ammonia on aluminium

Answer 13

white precipitate, insoluble in excess

Question 14

effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide on ammonium

Answer 14

ammonia produced on warming

Question 15

effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide on calcium

Answer 15

white precipitate, insoluble in excess