Chapter 11: performance- enhancing substance and methods

Question 1

Two types of substances talked about in the chapter

Answer 1

hormones

dietary supplemetns

Question 2

this is the primary example of an anabolic steroid

Answer 2

testosterone

Question 3

testosterone is this type of hormone

Answer 3

steroid

Question 4

this are precursors to the synthesis of other hormones and are theorized to increase the body’s ability to produce a given specific hormone

Answer 4

prohormones

Question 5

this hormone is similar to luteinizing hormone in its structure and function

Answer 5

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

Question 6

this is a potent anabolic hormone that is secreted by the pancrease

Answer 6

insulin

Question 7

HGH is this type of hormone

Answer 7

protein

Question 8

HGH is secreted from this gland

Answer 8

anterior pituitary

Question 9

this hormone requires injection to avoid its complete metabolism and maintain its effectiveness

Answer 9

HGH

Question 10

serious side effect of HGH

Answer 10

acromegaly

Question 11

eyrhropoietin (EPO) is this type of hormone, and is produced here

Answer 11

protein

kidney

Question 12

effect of erythropoietin

Answer 12

production of new red blood cells

Question 13

these substances are chemically related to epinephrine and regulates lipolysis and thermogenesis

Answer 13

B-adrenergic agonists

Question 14

these where originally made for the treatment of asthma

Answer 14

B-adrenergic agonists

Question 15

the primary ergogenic benefit of this drug is to reduce anxiety and tremors during performance

Answer 15

B-blockers

Question 16

B-blockers act by doing this

Answer 16

block the B-adrenergic receptors preventing catecholamines from binding

Question 17

studies have show that B-blockers can do this

Answer 17

improve both slow and fast shooting accuracy

Question 18

most important EAA

Answer 18

BCAA
leucine
isoleucine
valine

Question 19

BCAA that is most responsible for stimulating muscle protein synthesis

Answer 19

leucine

Question 20

this directly activate the Akt/mToR pathway in skeletal muscle

Answer 20

leucine

Question 21

not effective for inducing nitric oxide or muscle blood flow in healthy individual. also does not appear to have an effect on improving endurance performance in healthy populations

Answer 21

arginine

Question 22

most effective for trained individuals participating in a high-intensity high-volume resistance training program

Answer 22

B-Hydroxy-Bmethylbutyrate (HMB)

Question 23

stimulates protein synthesis and decreases muscle protein breakdown by inhibiting ubiquitin-proteasome pathway

Answer 23

B-Hydroxy-B-Methylbutyrate

Question 24

effective as a performance enhancing substance in exercises inducing a high level of lactic acid, such as multiple bouts of high-intensity exercises lasting more than 60 seconds

Answer 24

B-alanine

Question 25

has been shown to improve high-intensity exercise performance and training, but is associated with unpleasant side effects consistant with gastrointestinal discomfort

Answer 25

sodium bicarbonate

Question 26

data has not shown conclusively in relation to sodium citrates ergogenic potential during short-duration, or high-intensity exercise

Answer 26

sodium citrate

Question 27

may enhance recovery following high-intensity resistance exercise

Answer 27

L-carnitie

Question 28

effective for increasing maximal strength, power, and lean body mass in both trained and untrained populations

Answer 28

creatine

Question 29

effective for prolonging endurance exercise, but its effects on sprint or power performance are less clear

Answer 29

caffeine

Question 30

effective for increasing resistance training volume performance and endurance performance, but not ergogenic in their ability to improve anaerobic exercise

Answer 30

preworkout energy drinks

Question 31

when combined with caffeine is able to improve aerobic endurance performance. not as effective in improving anaerobic exercise performance

Answer 31

ephedrine

Question 32

when combine with caffeine and other herbal products, improvemetns in exercise time to fatigue have been reproted

Answer 32

citrus aurantium