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Network Technology > Chapter 11 - IPv4 questions > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - IPv4 questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the multicast range for IPv4 addresses?

A

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255

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2
Q

What is the private range for IPv4 addresses?

A

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

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3
Q

What is loopback IP address?

A

(127.0.0.0 /8 or 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254) are more commonly identified as only 127.0.0.1

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4
Q

What are link-local addresses?

A

Link-local addresses (169.254.0.0 /16 or 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254) are more commonly known as the Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) addresses or self-assigned addresses.

They are used by a Windows DHCP client to self-configure in the event that there are no DHCP servers available. Link-local addresses can be used in a peer-to-peer connection but are not commonly used for this purpose.

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5
Q

Why does a Layer 3 device perform the ANDing process on a destination IP address and subnet mask?

A

To identify the network address of the destination network

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6
Q

Why does a Layer 3 device perform the ANDing process on a destination IP address and subnet mask?

A

To identify the network address of the destination network

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7
Q

Which of the following techniques use native IPv6 connectivity?

A

Dual-Stack

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8
Q

What is a Global Unicast Address (GUA)?

A

This is similar to a public IPv4 address. These are globally unique, internet-routable addresses. GUAs can be configured statically or assigned dynamically.

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9
Q

What is a Link-local address (LLA) ?

A

This is required for every IPv6-enabled device. LLAs are used to communicate with other devices on the same local link. With IPv6, the term link refers to a subnet. LLAs are confined to a single link.

Their uniqueness must only be confirmed on that link because they are not routable beyond the link. In other words, routers will not forward packets with a link-local source or destination address.

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10
Q

Which part of a GUA is assigned by the ISP?

A

Global Routing Prefix

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11
Q

Which type of IPv6 unicast address is not routable between networks?

A

LLA - Link local address

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12
Q

True or false? The Subnet ID field in an GUA must borrow bits from the interface ID.

A

False

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13
Q

What are the three methods for RA messages?

A

Method 1: SLAAC - “I have everything you need including the prefix, prefix length, and default gateway address.”

Method 2: SLAAC with a stateless DHCPv6 server - “Here is my information but you need to get other information such as DNS addresses from a stateless DHCPv6 server.”

Method 3: Stateful DHCPv6 (no SLAAC) - “I can give you your default gateway address. You need to ask a stateful DHCPv6 server for all your other information.”

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14
Q

True or false? RA messages are sent to all IPv6 routers by hosts requesting addressing information

A

False

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15
Q

Which dynamic addressing method for GUAs is the one where devices rely solely on the contents of the RA message for their addressing information?

A

Method 1 - SLAAC

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16
Q

Which dynamic addressing method for GUAs is the one where devices rely solely on a DHCPv6 server for their addressing information?

A

Method 3 - Stateful DHCPv6

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17
Q

Which dynamic addressing method for GUAs is the one where devices get their IPv6 configuration in a RA message and request DNS information from a DHCPv6 server?

A

Method 2 - SLAAC and stateless DHCPv6

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18
Q

What are the two methods a device can use to generate its own IPv6 interface ID?

A

EUI - 64

Randomly generated

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19
Q

What does show ipv6 interface command do?

A

The show ipv6 interface brief command displays the IPv6 address of the Ethernet interfaces. EUI-64 uses this MAC address to generate the interface ID for the LLA. Additionally, the show ipv6 interface brief command displays abbreviated output for each of the interfaces.

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20
Q

What does show ipv6 route command do?

A

The show ipv6 route command can be used to verify that IPv6 networks and specific IPv6 interface addresses have been installed in the IPv6 routing table. The show ipv6 route command will only display IPv6 networks, not IPv4 networks.

a C next to a route indicates that this is a directly connected network. The L indicates a local route, the specific IPv6 address assigned to the interface. This is not an LLA

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21
Q

Which field in an IPv6 GUA is used for subnetting?

A

Subnet ID

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22
Q

Given a /48 Global Routing Prefix and a /64 prefix, what is the subnet portion of the following address: 2001:db8:cafe:1111:2222:3333:4444:5555

A

1111

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23
Q

Given a /32 Global Routing Prefix and a /64 prefix, how many bits would be allocated for the Subnet ID?

A

32

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24
Q

What prefix do IPv6 multicast addresses have?

A

ff00::/8

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25
Q

What are two types of IPv6 multicast addresses?

A

Well-known multicast addresses

Solicited node multicast addresses

26
Q

What are two common IPv6 assigned multicast groups?

A

ff02::1
All-nodes multicast group - This is a multicast group that all IPv6-enabled devices join. A packet sent to this group is received and processed by all IPv6 interfaces on the link or network

ff02::2
All-routers multicast group - This is a multicast group that all IPv6 routers join. A router becomes a member of this group when it is enabled as an IPv6 router with the ipv6 unicast-routing command.

27
Q

What is a solicited-node multicast address?

A

A solicited-node multicast address is similar to the all-nodes multicast address. The advantage of a solicited-node multicast address is that it is mapped to a special Ethernet multicast address.

This allows the Ethernet NIC to filter the frame by examining the destination MAC address without sending it to the IPv6 process to see if the device is the intended target of the IPv6 packet.

28
Q

What is the valid most compressed format possible of the IPv6 address: 2001:0DB8:0000:AB00:0000:0000:0000:1234?

A

2001:DB8:0:AB00::1234

29
Q

What is the prefix associated with the IPv6 address 2001:DB8:D15:EA:CC44::1/64?

A

2001:DB8:D15:EA:/64

30
Q

What type of address is automatically assigned to an interface when IPv6 is enabled on that interface?

A

Link-local

31
Q

Which IPv6 network prefix is only intended for local links and can not be routed?

A

FE80::/10

32
Q

What is the purpose of the command ping ::1?

A

It tests the internal configuration of an IPv6 host.

33
Q

What is the interface ID of the IPv6 address 2001:DB8::1000:A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94/64??

A

A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94

34
Q

What is the network address for the IPv6 address 2001:DB8:AA04:B5::1/64?

A

2001:DB8:AA04:B5::/64

35
Q

Which address type is not supported in IPv6?

A

Broadcast

36
Q

What is indicated by a successful ping to the ::1 IPv6 address?

A

IP is properly installed on the host

37
Q

What is the most compressed representation of the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:0000:abcd:0000:0000:0000:0001?

A

2001:db8:0:abcd::1

38
Q

What is the minimum configuration for a router interface that is enabled for IPv6?

A

To have a link-local IPv6 address

39
Q

At a minimum, which address is required on IPv6-enabled interfaces?

A

Link-local

40
Q

What are three parts of an IPv6 global unicast address?

A

A global routing prefix that is used to identify the network portion of the address that has been provided by an ISP.

An interface ID that is used to identify the local host on the network

A subnet ID that is used to identify networks inside of the local enterprise site.

41
Q

Your organization is issued the IPv6 prefix of 2001:db8:130f::/48 by your service provider. With this prefix, how many bits are available for your organization to create /64 subnetworks if interface ID bits are not borrowed?

A

16

42
Q

Which type of IPv6 address is not routable and used only for communication on a single subnet?

A

Link-local ADDRESS

43
Q

How is an ICMP echo message used?

A

An ICMP Echo Message can be used to test the reachability of a host on an IP network. The local host sends an ICMP Echo Request to a host. If the host is available, the destination host responds with an Echo Reply.

44
Q

When is ICMPv4 Time Exceeded message used?

A

An ICMPv4 Time Exceeded message is used by a router to indicate that a packet cannot be forwarded because the Time to Live (TTL) field of the packet was decremented to 0.

If a router receives a packet and decrements the TTL field in the IPv4 packet to zero, it discards the packet and sends a Time Exceeded message to the source host.

45
Q

What is a NS message?

A

Used to check the uniqueness of an address, the device will send an NS message with its own IPv6 address as the targeted IPv6 address.If another device on the network has this address, it will respond with an NA message. This NA message will notify the sending device that the address is in use.

46
Q

What is a NA (Neighbour Advertisement) message?

A

Used to determine the MAC address for the destination, the device will send an NS message to the solicited node address.

The message will include the known (targeted) IPv6 address. The device that has the targeted IPv6 address will respond with an NA message containing its Ethernet MAC address.

47
Q

Which two types of ICMP messages are common to both ICMPv4 and ICMPv6?

A

Destination or Service unavailable
Time Exceeded

48
Q

Which type of ICMPv6 message would a host send to acquire an IPv6 configuration when booting up?

A

Router Solicitation (RS) message.

49
Q

A technician is troubleshooting a network where it is suspected that a defective node in the network path is causing packets to be dropped. The technician only has the IP address of the end point device and does not have any details of the intermediate devices. What command can the technician use to identify the faulty node?

A

Tracert

50
Q

A user who is unable to connect to the file server contacts the help desk. The helpdesk technician asks the user to ping the IP address of the default gateway that is configured on the workstation. What is the purpose for this ping command?

A

To test that the host has the capability to reach hosts on other networks.

51
Q

What is a function of the tracert command that differs from the ping command when they are used on a workstation?

A

The tracert command shows the information of routers in the path

52
Q

Which ICMP message is used by the traceroute utility during the process of finding the path between two end hosts?

A

Time exceeded

53
Q

Which protocol is used by IPv4 and IPv6 to provide error messaging?

A

ICMP

54
Q

Which utility uses the Internet Control Messaging Protocol (ICMP)?

A

Ping

55
Q

A network administrator is testing network connectivity by issuing the ping command on a router. Which symbol will be displayed to indicate that a time expired during the wait for an ICMP echo reply message?

A

. (full stop)

56
Q

Which two things can be determined by using the ping command? (Choose two.)

A

The average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and for the response to return the source

The destination device is reachable through the network.

57
Q

A user calls to report that a PC cannot access the internet. The network technician asks the user to issue the command ping 127.0.0.1 in a command prompt window. The user reports that the result is four positive replies. What conclusion can be drawn based on this connectivity test?

A

The TCP/IP implementation is functional

58
Q

Which command can be used to test connectivity between two devices using echo request and echo reply messages?

A

Ping

59
Q

What field content is used by ICMPv6 to determine that a packet has expired?

A

Hop limit field

60
Q

Which protocol provides feedback from the destination host to the source host about errors in packet delivery?

A

ICMP

61
Q

A network administrator can successfully ping the server at www.cisco.com, but cannot ping the company web server located at an ISP in another city. Which tool or command would help identify the specific router where the packet was lost or delayed?

A

Traceroute

62
Q

What message is sent by a host to check the uniqueness of an IPv6 address before using that address?

A

Neighbour solicitation

Network Technology (14 decks)

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