Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces and Phase Changes

Question 1

Dipole-Dipole Force

Answer 1

Intermolecular force between two polar molecules. The partial positive charge
on one molecule is attracted to the partial negative charge on the other molecule

Question 2

London Dispersion Force

Answer 2

Intermolecular force caused by fluctuations in the electron distribution
within atoms and molecules. All atoms or molecules experience London dispersion forces

Question 3

Instantaneous Dipole

Answer 3

Partial positive and partial negative charges formed by temporary, random
fluctuations in electron distribution

Question 4

Induced Dipole Moment

Answer 4

Partial positive and partial negative charges formed as the result of an
instantaneous dipole on a neighboring atom or molecule

Question 5

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 5

Hydrogen bonds occur between a hydrogen that is bonded to F, N, or O and the
lone pair of electrons of an F, N, or O atom in another molecule

Question 6

Hydrogen Bond Donor

Answer 6

A hydrogen atom directly bonded to a F, O, or N atom

Question 7

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

Answer 7

An electronegative F, O, or N atom with a lone pair of electrons

Question 8

Sublimation

Answer 8

Phase change from a solid to a gas.

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

Phase change from a gas to a liquid.

Question 10

Deposition

Answer 10

Phase change from a gas to a solid

Question 11

Phase change from a gas to a solid

Answer 11

depostition

Question 12

Triple Point

Answer 12

Conditions under which all three states (solid, liquid, and gas) are equally stable and in
equilibrium

Question 13

Critical Point

Answer 13

Temperature and pressure above which a supercritical fluid exists

Question 14

Supercritical Fluid

Answer 14

A substance that has the properties of both a liquid and a gas. Supercritical fluids
exist at high temperatures and pressures

Question 15

Surface Tension

Answer 15

The tendency of liquids to minimize their surface area

Question 16

Viscosity

Answer 16

Resistance of a liquid to flow

Question 17

Capillary Action

Answer 17

Ability of liquids to flow up a narrow tube against the force of gravity.

Question 18

Larger atoms or molecules have a ______ London dispersion force than smaller atoms or molecules
with a similar shape

Answer 18

stronger

Question 19

Spherical molecules have a __________ London dispersion force than linear molecules with a similar size

Answer 19

weaker

Explanation: they have a smaller surface area for between molecules.

Question 20

True or False: hydrogen bonding can occur between two different molecules

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False: a molecule must have a H atom bonded directly to N, O, or F to participate in hydrogen
bonding.

Answer 21

false

Question 22

List intermolecular strength in order of increasing strength

Answer 22

London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, Hydrogen Bond

Question 23

What is the melting/freezing point of water?

Answer 23

0 degrees C

Question 24

What is the boiling/condensation point of water?

Answer 24

100 degrees C

Question 25

What do regions represent on a phase diagram?

Answer 25

Regions - conditions under which a particular state is stable

Question 26

What do lines represent on a phase diagram?

Answer 26

Lines - conditions under which a substance is in equilibrium between the two states on either side of the line