Chapter 10 VSEPR Theory

Question 1

VSEPR Theory

Answer 1

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory. Predicts the shape of a molecule.

Question 2

Electron groups

Answer 2

General term for single bonds, double bonds, triple bonds, lone pairs, and single
electrons within a molecule

Question 3

Electron geometry

Answer 3

Arrangement of electron groups around a central atom.

Question 4

Molecular geometry and what determines in

Answer 4

Arrangement of atoms around a central atom; lone pairs on central atom

Question 5

Bond Angle

Answer 5

The angle between electron groups in a molecule

Question 6

Electronegativity

Answer 6

The ability of an atom to attract electrons within a covalent bond

Question 7

Nonpolar bond

Answer 7

Bond in which electrons are evenly shared. Occurs when two atoms have an
electronegativity difference of 0.4 or less

Question 8

Polar bond

Answer 8

Bond in which electrons are not evenly shared. Occurs when two atoms have an
electronegativity difference between 0.5 and 1.9

Question 9

Ionic bond

Answer 9

Bond in which electrons are completely transferred. Occurs when two atoms have an
electronegativity difference of 2.0 or more

Question 10

Net dipole moment

Answer 10

The separation of positive and negative charges within a molecule as a whole

Question 11

Valence bond theory

Answer 11

Theory stating that chemical bonds form when half-filled valence orbitals
overlap and result in spin pairing

Question 12

Orbital hybridization

Answer 12

Atomic orbitals add together to form hybrid orbitals. The hybrid orbital that is
formed depends on the atomic orbitals being hybridized

Question 13

sp hybridization

Answer 13

Hybrid orbital formed from one s orbital and one p orbital. Occurs when there are 2
electron groups around a central atom

Question 14

sp2 hybridization

Answer 14

Hybrid orbital formed from one s orbital and two p orbitals. Occurs when there are
3 electron groups around a central atom

Question 15

sp3 hybridization

Answer 15

Hybrid orbital formed from one s orbital and three p orbitals. Occurs when there are
4 electron groups around a central atom.

Question 16

sp3d hybridization

Answer 16

Hybrid orbital formed from one s orbital, three p orbitals, and one d orbital.
Occurs when there are 5 electron groups around a central atom.

Question 17

sp3d2 hybridization

Answer 17

Hybrid orbital formed from one s orbital, three p orbitals, and two d orbitals.
Occurs when there are 6 electron groups around a central atom

Question 18

Sigma (σ) bond

Answer 18

Occurs when bonding orbitals overlap end-to-end

Question 19

Pi (π) bond

Answer 19

Occurs when bonding p-orbitals overlap side-by-side

Question 20

Molecular orbital theory

Answer 20

Theory stating that, when atoms bond, their atomic orbitals become
molecular orbitals. Electrons within molecules occupy these molecular orbitals

Question 21

Bonding orbital

Answer 21

A molecular orbital that forms from constructive interference between two atomic
orbitals. A bonding orbital is lower in energy than any of the atomic orbitals from which it forms

Question 22

Antibonding orbital

Answer 22

A molecular orbital that forms from destructive interference between two atomic
orbitals. An antibonding orbital is higher in energy than any of the atomic orbitals from which it forms.

Question 23

Bond order

Answer 23

The number of electrons in bonding orbitals minus the number of electrons in antibonding
orbitals divided by two. In general, the higher the bonding order, the stronger the bond.

Question 24

Main concept of VSEPR Theory

Answer 24

electron groups within molecule repel one another