Chapter 11: Human Development Across The Life Span Flashcards
What is the prenatal period?
Conception to birth, typically encompassing nine months. Rapid development during this period
What is the germinal stage?
First phase of prenatal development, conception to 2 weeks. A zygote is created through fertalization
What is the embryonic stage
Second phase of prenatal development, lasting from 2 weeks to 2 months. Body parts begin to form and the developing organism is now called an embryo
define placenta (also what stage does it start forming)
A structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to the pass to the organism, and bodily waste to leave the mother. Forms in the germinal stage)
What is the fetal stage?
Third and final phase of prenatal development, lasting from 2 months to birth. Organism, now called a fetus, is capable of movement as skeletal structures harden
Explain threshold of viability
The age when a baby can survive in the event of a premature birth
Between what weeks does the percentage survival rate jump from 24% to 72%?
From 23 weeks to 25 weeks
What are teratogens?
External agents, such as drugs or viruses that harm an embryo or fetus
Explain Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
A collection of congenital problems associated with alcohol use during pregnancy
What is motor development?
Progression of muscular coordination needed for physical activity
What is maturation?
The gradual unfolding of one’s genetic blueprint
What are developmental norms?
Median age when individuals displays various behaviours and abilities
What is temperament?
Characteristic mood, activity level and emotional reactivity
Explain the difference between longitudinal vs cross-sectional design
Longitudinal: Observe one group of participants over a period of time
Cross-sectional: Compare groups of participants of different ages at a single point in time
Explain cohort effects
When differences between age groups are due to groups growing up in different time periods
