chapter 11- hematopoietic disorders Flashcards
what is a hematopoietic disorder
causes the blood to change
where is blood made and how many types of cells are there
-bone marrow
-8
what do colony-stimulating factors do
stimulate the production of:
-RBC
-Platelets
-Granulocytes
-neutrophils/basophils/eosinophils
-granulocyte macophages
-monocyte macrophages
what do interferons do
inhibit the replication of viral and other dangerous cells
-activate cell killers
what do interleukins do
affect immune cell response
-stimulate/suppress
what does erythropoietin do and when
released by kidneys to stimulate red cell production
-triggered by hemorrhage, anemia, COPD, high altitude
why do blood tests get levels of each type of WBC?
can tell what the potential problem may be
list WBC from most to least common
neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils
what is anemia and what are the signs and symptoms
lack of RBC or dysfunctional RBC, leading to decreased oxygen in the body
S: fatigue, SOB, pallor
what is iron deficient anemia and the causes
decreased RBC production
C: menstruating women, pregnancy, lactation, growing adolescents, GI bleed
what is pernicious anemia?
rare, less than 0.1%, deficiency of B12
what is megaloblastic anemia, causes and symptoms?
altered cell cycle causing larger than normal RBC
-deficiency of B12 and/or folate
S: glossy red tongue and diarrhea
what is sickle cell anemia, what population has it?
sickle-shaped RBC, doesn’t allow O2 to attach, exclusive to African Americans
There is no cure, only treatment is IV fluids and mophine
what do erythopoiesis stimulating agents do and what are common examples?
induces erythropoiesis leading to increased hemoglobin and hematocrit and RBC
Epoetin alpha and darbepoitin
how is epoetin alpha/darbepoetin given and when can it not be used
IV/SQ –most commonly SQ
-hypertension, normal renal function, normal hemoglobin
