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KNH 209- Roots > Chapter 11-Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Chapter 11-Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

1
Q

Chyme

A

paste-like substance food becomes after mixing with stomach acids

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2
Q

Three main types of usable food fuel

A

proteins, carbohydrates, and fat

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3
Q

Pylorus

A

muscle at end of stomach leading into the intestine

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4
Q

or/o, stomat/o

A

mouth

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5
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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6
Q

dent/o, odont/o

A

teeth

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7
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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8
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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9
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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10
Q

enter/o

A

intestines

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11
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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12
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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13
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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14
Q

col/o, colon/o

A

colon(large intestine)

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15
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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16
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

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17
Q

an/o

A

anus

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18
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

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19
Q

bile

A

chemicals from the liver

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20
Q

bil/i, chol/e

A

bile(gall)

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21
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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22
Q

abdomin/o, celi/o, lapar/o

A

abdomen

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23
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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24
Q

doch/o

A

duct

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25
Q

hepat/o, hepatic/o

A

liver

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26
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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27
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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28
Q

stomatodynia

A

mouth pain

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29
Q

esophalgia

A

esophageal pain

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30
Q

emesis

A

vomit

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31
Q

obstipation

A

When obstruction blocks even gas from passing

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32
Q

cholecystalgia

A

gallbladder pain

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33
Q

bilirubin

A

yellow substance produced when red blood cells break down

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34
Q

aphagia

A

inability to eat

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35
Q

dentalgia

A

tooth pain

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36
Q

dyspepsia

A

bad digestion

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37
Q

gastralgia

A

stomach pain

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38
Q

gastrodynia

A

stomach pain

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39
Q

gingivostomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth and gums

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40
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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41
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

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42
Q

odontalgia

A

tooth pain

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43
Q

odontodynia

A

tooth pain

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44
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mouth

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45
Q

diarrhea

A

passing of fluid or unformed feces

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46
Q

dysentery

A

another name for diarrhea

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47
Q

hemorroid

A

inflammation of the veins surrounding the anus

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48
Q

icterus

A

another name for jaundice

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49
Q

jaundice

A

yellowing of skin, tissue, and fluids caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the blood

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50
Q

palpate

A

to touch something

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51
Q

guarding

A

masses, pain, or tensing in the abdominal muscles in response to pain

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52
Q

steatorrhea

A

fat in the stool(indicating disease)

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53
Q

stool culture

A

test for determining bacteria present in the stool

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54
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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55
Q

stomatogastric

A

pertaining to the mouth and stomach

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56
Q

stomatosis

A

mouth condition

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57
Q

flatus

A

medical term for passing gas(farts)

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58
Q

hernia

A

rupture or protusion of an organ through the wall that normally contains it

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59
Q

ascites

A

retention of fluid in the peritoneum

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60
Q

cholelith

A

gallstone(stone in bile)

61
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

62
Q

pancreatolith

A

stone in the pancreas

63
Q

sialolith

A

stone in the saliva

64
Q

endoscopy

A

procedure for looking inside

64
Q

colonoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the colon

65
Q

esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)

A

procedure for looking in the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

65
Q

esophagoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the esophagus

66
Q

gastroscopy

A

procedure for looking at the stomach

66
Q

fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

A

test of feces to discover blood not visibly apparent

67
Q

laparoscope

A

instrument for looking at the abdomen

68
Q

laparoscopy

A

procedure for looking inside the abdomen

69
Q

nasogastric tube(NGT)

A

tube inserted through the nose into the stomach

70
Q

proctoscope

A

instrument for looking at the anus and rectum

71
Q

proctoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the anus and rectum

72
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

procedure for looking at the sigmoid colon

73
Q

cholangiogram

A

record of the bile vessels(ducts)

74
Q

cholangiography

A

procedure for mapping the bile vessels(ducts)

75
Q

cholangiopancreatography

A

procedure for mapping the bile vessels(ducts) and pancreas

76
Q

pancreatography

A

procedure for mapping of the pancreas

77
Q

bariatrics

A

branch of medicine dealing with weight issues

78
Q

gastroenterologist

A

specialist in the stomach and intestines

79
Q

gastroenterology

A

study of the stomach and intestines

80
Q

orthodontics

A

branch of medicine dealing with the straightening of teeth

81
Q

orthodontist

A

specialist in straightening teeth

82
Q

proctologist

A

specialist in anus, rectum, and colon

83
Q

proctology

A

branch of medicine anus, rectum, and colon

84
Q

acute gastroeneteritis

A

infection of entire GI tract

85
Q

enteropathy

A

when intestines don’t work properly

86
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the pyloris(opening b/w stomach and intestines)

87
Q

cholangitis

A

inflammation of the bile vessels(ducts)

87
Q

esophagitis

A

inflammation of the esophagus

88
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

89
Q

colitis

A

inflammation of the colon

89
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

90
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)

A

disease in which acid comes up from the stomach and damages the esophagus

91
Q

colorectal carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of the colon or rectum

92
Q

duodenitis

A

inflammation of the duodenum

93
Q

fistula

A

any abnormal passage in the body that shouldn’t be there

94
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

presence of a stone in the (common) bile duct

95
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the bile (gall) bladder

96
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence of a gallstone

97
Q

cirrhosis

A

liver disease named for the change of color(yellow) in the liver

98
Q

pancreatolithiasis

A

presence of a stone in the pancreas

98
Q

hepatitis

A

liver inflammation

99
Q

laparocele

A

abdominal hernia

100
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

101
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum

102
Q

sialoadenitis

A

inflammation of the salivary glands

103
Q

sialolithiasis

A

presence of salivary stones

104
Q

enema

A

tube passed through anus to colon to administer fluid to flush out stuck stool

105
Q

laparotomy

A

cutting open abdomen

106
Q

appendectomy

A

removal of appendix

107
Q

antiemetic

A

agent that prevents or relieves nausea or vomiting

107
Q

antiacid

A

agent that neutralizes acid

108
Q

cathartic

A

agent that produces bowel movement

109
Q

gastrectomy

A

surgical removal of stomach

110
Q

gastroduo-denostomy

A

creation of an opening between the stomach and duodenum

111
Q

glossorrhaphy

A

suture of the tongue

112
Q

odontectomy

A

surgical removal of tooth

113
Q

anastomosis

A

creation of an opening; surgical procedure connecting two previously unconnected hollow tubes

114
Q

colostomy

A

creation of an opening in the colon

115
Q

duodenectomy

A

surgical removal of the duodenum

116
Q

hemorrhoidectomy

A

surgical removal of hemorrhoids

117
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

suture of a hernia

118
Q

ileostomy

A

creation of an opening in the ileum

119
Q

abdominocentesis

A

puncture of the abdomen(usually for withdrawing fluid)

120
Q

choledocholithectomy

A

surgical removal of a stone from a (common) bile duct

120
Q

cholecystectomy

A

surgical removal of the bile (gall) bladder

121
Q

cholelithotripsy

A

crushing of the bile (gall) stones

122
Q

laparoscopic surgery

A

use of laparoscope to perform minimally invasive surgery

123
Q

pancreatectomy

A

surgical removal of the pancreas

124
Q

pancreatolithectomy

A

surgical removal of stones in the pancreas

125
Q

sialoadenectomy

A

removal of a salivary gland

126
Q

BE

A

barium enema

127
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

128
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

129
Q

EUS

A

endoscopic ultrasound

130
Q

GB

A

gallbladder

131
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

132
Q

LFT

A

liver function test

133
Q

LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

134
Q

LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

134
Q

N&V

A

nausea and vomiting

135
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth (nil per os)

136
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy

137
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

138
Q

RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

139
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

140
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

KNH 209- Roots (7 decks)

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