Chapter 11: Fitness Testing Protocols and Norms Flashcards
heart rate and blood pressure
tests for vital signs
BMI Anthropometry height weight SKF BIA and NIR waist to hip ratio
tests for body composition
YMCA cycle ergometer test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
Astrand-Ryhming cycle ergometer test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
YMCA step test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
12 minute run/walk test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
1.5 mile run
tests for cardiovascular endurance
Rockport walking test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
1 mile run test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
non-exercise based estimation of VO2max test
tests for cardiovascular endurance
1RM Bench press test
tests for muscular strength
1RM Leg press test
tests for muscular strength
1RM estimation
tests for muscular strength
YMCA bench press test
tests for muscular endurance
Partial curl-up test
tests for muscular endurance
prone double straight-leg raise test
tests for muscular endurance
sit and reach test
tests for flexibility
normal resting HR range
60-100 bpm
women typically have a HR this much higher than men
7-10 bpm
The ways to test HR
palpation
auscultation
HR monitor
anatomical landmarks which may be used for palpation of HR 4
brachial artery
carotid artery
radial artery
temporal artery
Use shorter counts less than 30-60 sec to determine HR in this case
post exercise
use longer counts 30-60 sec to determine HR in this case
Resting HR
name for the sounds that are emitted as a result of vibratory forces of blood against vessel walls
korotkoff sounds
most common method of determining BP
cuff or ausculatory method
how long before testing for BP should the client refrain from smoking or ingesting caffeine
atleast 30 min
describe the clients body position during BP testing
siting upright in a chair which supports the back, with either the R/L arm exposed, supinated, and supported at the level of the heart. Legs should not be crossed
how long should pass before taking the BP measurement, and the client assuming the proper position
5 min
What pressure should the air bladder be filled to in most cases
160 mmHg or 20 mmHg above the anticipated SBP
What rate should the bladder pressure be released
2-3 mmHg per second
These are four common errors in measuring BP
stethoscope is backwards
stethoscope bell is under the cuff
Dial is not at tester eye level
The BP cuff is too close to the antecubital space
How long to wait for the second reading of BP
2 minutes
if the two consecutive measures of BP are more than this much different in either SBP or DBP a third measure should be taken
5 mmHg
What should be done with the 2 or 3 BP measures taken
determine the average
How much of the clients upper arm should be covered by the cuff during BP measurements
80%
T/F: it is important for the tester and client to remain quite during BP testing
T
The most reliable body mass (weight) measures are made at this time
morning, after elimination and before ingestion of food or drink
Clients should be advised to avoid eating these types of foods the day before being weighed
salty foods
this examines body mass related to stature
BMI
BMI =
body weight (kg) / height squared (msquared)
what should the clients head position be to get the most accurate height measurement
the lowest point of the orbit of the eye should be aligned with the opening of the ear
weight should be measured to these nearest increments
0.25 lb, or 0.02kg
which side of the body should all skinfold measurements be taken
right side
how far apart should the thumb and index finger be apart when lifting the skinfold
3 inches or 8 cm
how long should the jaws be allowed to close after pressure is released
1-2 seconds, but no longer than 4
Take a minimum of this many measures at each site during SKF testing
2, but if measures are more than 2mm or 10% different take an additional measure
skinfold measurements determine this, not this
body density, not body fat
BIA is an acceptable field measure in these populations, but not these
caucasian men an women
not in other races
to determine waist to hip ratio you must do this
divide waist circumference by hip circumference
what pace should the metronome be set at for a test requiring 60 RPM
120 BPM, twice that of the testing pace
work rate =
resistance x distance x RPM
resistance =
amount of friction placed on the flywheel
during multistage cycle ergometer tests these three variables should be assessed at the end of each stage
HR
BP, incase hypo/hypertensive response
RPE
how long should HR, BP, and other signs/symptoms be regularly checked during the cooldown stage of a cycle ergometer test
4 minutes
Steady state HR is considered to be an increase/decrease of HR of no more than this many BPM between stages of a cycle ergometer test
5 BPM
This is a submaximal, multistage exercise test for cardiovascular endurance. This test is designed to progress the client to 85% of their predicted HRmax using 3-minute stages of increasing work rate
YMCA cycle ergometer test
Pedaling RPM of the YMCA cycle ergometer test
50 rpm
Primary critera for termination of the ymca cycle ergometer test
client reaches 85% of their age predicted HRmax
When should HR be measured during the YMCA cycle ergometer test
at the end of the 2nd and 3rd minute of each stage, if the two measures are more than 6 BPM different continue stage for an additional minute
starting workrate for the YMCA cylce ergometer test
150 kg.m/min
This cycle ergometer test is a single stage test with a total duration of 6 minutes
Astrand-Ryhming Cycle ergometer test
Pedaling RPM for the A-R cycle ergometer test
50 RPM
This is used to determine the starting workrate of the A-R cycle ergometer test
Estimation of clients fitness level
Range of workrate for unconditioned to conditioned men during the A-R cycle ergometer test
300-600 kgm/min
600-900 kgm/min
Range of workrate for unconditioned to conditioned women during the A-R cycle ergometer test
300-450 kgm/min
450-600 kgm/min
When should the first HR measurement be taken during the A-R cycle ergometer test
after 2 min
have the client continue at the selected work rate throughout the 6 minute test duration of the A-R cycle ergometer test if
First HR reading is greater than or equal to 120 BPM
Increase the resistance to the next highest increment or until the HR measurment is greater than or equal to120 bpm after 2 minutes of riding at a constant work rate after the first 2 minutes of the A-R cycle ergometer test
If the HR after 2 minutes is less than 120
How is VO2 max determined from the A-R cycle ergometer test
The average of the HR at the end of the 5th and 6th minute is compared to a table
The last step of the A-R cycle ergometer test is this
Determine the age-corrected Vo2max from the value found on the table which utilized the HR at the end of the 5th and 6th minute
This is a basic, inexpensive cardiovascular endurance test that can be easily administered individually or to large groups.
YMCA step test
this test classifies fitness levels based on the postexercise HR response but does not provide an estimation of VO2max
YMCA step test
The objective of this test is to have the client step up and down to a set cadence for 3 minutes and to measure HR recovery response immediately after the test
YMCA step test
Height of the box for the YMCA step test
12 inches
Metronome setting for the YMCA step test
96 bpm (24 steps/min)
Immediately following the YMCA step test do this
help the client sit down, and within 5 seconds measure HR for 1 minute
Distance and run/walk tests are used to classify this
cardiovascular endurance level of healthy men under 40 YO and women under 50 YO
T/F: the PT can use distance and run/walk tests to detect and/or control for cardiac episodes
F, because HR and BP are typically not monitored during the performance of these tests
These are an example of effort based cardiovascular assesments
distance and run/walk tests
distance and run/walk tests are appropriate for clients who fit these criteria
have been training for several weeks and regularly use running/fast walking as a mode of cardiovascular exercise
This test is used to measure the distance traveled over a 12 minute session, and is used to estimate VO2max
12-minute run/walk test
Equipment needed for 12-minute run/walk test
400m track or flat surface, visable place markers, stopwatch
this test is designed to measure the time it takes for a client to run 1.5 miles, and is a measure of VO2 max
1.5 mile run test
This test has been developed to estimate VO2max for men and women ages 18-69 YO
Rockport walking test
this test requires only walking at a fast pace, it is useful for testing older or sedentary clients
rockport walking test
Equipment needed for rockport walking test
stopwatch and a measured(flat and uninterupted) 1.0 mile track
Immediately following the rockport walking test this must be done inorder to calculate VO2max
calculate the clients HR using a 15 second HR count duration
This test has been developed to estimate cardiovascular endurance for children ages 6-17 YO
1-mile run
T/F: non-exercise based estimation of VO2max has only been proven to be valid in untrained people
F, good for both trained and untrained
These can be useful in the prediction of VO2max, especially when the risk of conducting an exercise-based VO2max assessment is too high or unknown for clients who may be susceptible to exercise induced stress
non-exercise based estimation of VO2max
this is simply the raw strength score a person achieves
absolute strength
this is usually expressed as strength relative to body weight
relative strength
This can be used to measure upper body strength. Because free weights are used, this test requires skill on the part of the client being tested
1RM bench press
Increase of weight in the 1RM bench press for upper body, and lower body between sets
10-20 pounds or 5-10%
30-40 pounds or 10-20 %
If the weight used in the 1RM bench press is too heavy, decrease by this for upper and lower body
5-10 pounds or 2.5-5%
15-20 pounds or 5-10%
This test may be used to measure lower body strength
1RM leg press
standardized knee angle used in the 1RM leg press
120degrees
Normative data for the 1RM leg press is only applicable if this type of machine was used
universal leg press
this is the ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert submaximal force for extended periods
muscular endurance
T/F: muscular endurance may be assesed during static and dynamic muscle actions
T
This test is used to measure upper body muscular endurance, and tests absolute muscular endurance
YMCA bench press test
Resistance setting for men and women during the YMCA bench press test
80lb
35lb
What should the metronome cadence be set at for the YMCA bench press test
60 bpm, to establish a rate of 30 reps/min
When should the YMCA bench press test be terminated
when the client can no longer lift the barbell to the cadence
This test measures the endurance of the abdominal muscles, and is often favored over the sit-up test because it eliminates the use of the hip flexor muscles
partial curl-up test
What is the knee angle required for the partial curl-up test
90degrees
What is the distance between the two pieces of tape during the partial curl-up test
10 cm
What is the metronome cadence set to during the partial curl-up test
50 bpm, to establish a rate of 25 reps/min
this should be incontact with the floor before curling up in the partial curl-up test
low back
The trunk should be at this angle with the mat during the parcial curl-up test
30degrees
When should the partial curl-up test be terminated
when the client can no longer keep pace with the cadence or after a maximum of 25 reps
this test has been shown to be useful test for examing low back muscular endurance and predicting potential low back pain
Prone double straight leg raise test
Body position for the prone double straight leg raise test
client is laying in the prone position, legs extended, hands underneath the forehead, and forearms perpendicular to the body
What position should the knees be in during the prone double straight leg raise test
knees should be just above the table surface
One way to monitor the PDSLR test
slide one hand under the thigh
When should the PDSLR test be terminated
when the client can no longer maintain knee clearance from the table
This refers to the ROM around a joint or a series of joints as in the vertebral column
flexibility
T/F: there are tests that can measure whole-body flexibility
F
Traditionally, PTs have focused on tests that measure for the flexibility in these types of joints
joints believed to be associated with risk of developing low back pain
This test is often used to measure hip and low back flexibility
sit and reach test
T/F: the sit and reach test is commonly seen as an indicator of previous back discomfort, and its ability to predict the incidence of low back pain is limited
T
This is beleived to be predictive of low back pain
lack of hip and low back flexibility, along with poor muscular strength and endurance of the abdominal muscles
Where should the feet be situated during the set up phase of the sit and reach test be started on the yard stick
15 inch line, 10-12 inches apart
Where is the zero point set at for the sit and reach test
15 inch line, or 26 cm line when using the sit and reach box
