Chapter 11 - Digestive System (General and Terms)

Question 1

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 1

Ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.

Question 2

Major Organs

Answer 2

Mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Question 3

Accessory Organs

Answer 3

Salivary glands, liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Question 4

Which bacteria may lead to peptic ulcers?

Answer 4

helicobacter pylori (h. pylori)

Question 5

esophagastroduodenscopy (EGD)

Answer 5

Visual exam of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Question 6

Colonoscopy

Answer 6

Visual exam of colon

Question 7

Cholangiography

Answer 7

Radioactive image of bile ducts after contrast

Question 8

Laparoscopy

Answer 8

Visual exam of abdominal cavity

Question 9

Proctoscope

Answer 9

Instrument used for visual exam of rectum

Question 10

Upper GI

Answer 10

Radiographic image of stomach and duodenum with contrast

Question 11

Barium enema (BE)

Answer 11

Radiographic image of large intestine with barium, lower GI series

Question 12

Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

Answer 12

detects occult blood

Question 13

Adhesion

Answer 13

Abnormal growing together of 2 surfaces that are normal separated

Question 14

Celiac disease

Answer 14

Malabsorption syndrome, immune reaction

Question 15

Cirrhosis

Answer 15

Chronic disease of liver, scar tissue formation

Question 16

Crohn disease

Answer 16

Chronic infection of intestinal tract, ileum, and colon

Question 17

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer 17

backward flow of GI contents into esophagus, heartburn

Question 18

hemochromatosis

Answer 18

Iron metabolism disorder; too much iron absorbed from food; iron deposits in tissue

Question 19

Hemorrhoids

Answer 19

swollen, distended veins in rectal area

Question 20

ileus

Answer 20

Obstruction of intestine, failure of peristalsis

Question 21

intussusception

Answer 21

telescoping of intestinal segment

Question 22

Peptic ulcer

Answer 22

Eroded area of mucous membrane, stomach, or duodenum; increased stomach acid

Question 23

Polyp

Answer 23

Tumorlike growth extending outward

Question 24

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 24

Infection of colon with ulcers

Question 25

Volvulus

Answer 25

Twisting of intestine, obstruction

Question 26

Abdominoperineal resection

Answer 26

Removal of distal colon and rectum

Question 27

Anastomosis

Answer 27

Opening created by surgery joining two structures

Question 28

Bariatric surgery

Answer 28

Surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity

Question 29

Hemorrhoidectomy

Answer 29

Excision of hemorrhoids

Question 30

Vagotomy

Answer 30

Cutting of vagus nerve branches; reduces amount of gastric acid

Question 31

Ascites

Answer 31

Abnormal fluid peritoneal cavity

Question 32

Dysentery

Answer 32

Inflammation of intestine, diarrheal and abdominal pain

Question 33

Emesis

Answer 33

Vomiting; expelled matter from stomach

Question 34

Gastric lavage

Answer 34

Washing of stomach

Question 35

Hematemesis

Answer 35

Bloody vomit

Question 36

Hematochezia

Answer 36

Passage of bloody feces

Question 37

Malabsorption

Answer 37

Impaired digestion

Question 38

Melena

Answer 38

Black, tarry stools, GI bleeding

Question 39

Peristalsis

Answer 39

Wavelike contractions

Question 40

Stoma

Answer 40

Surgical opening