Chapter 11- Dental Anomalies Flashcards
What is Anodontia?
Total?
Partial?
Total: no teeth at all
Partial: one or more missing teeth
What is the most commonly missing teeth? (Partial anodontia)
Maxillary third molars
What is the second most commonly missing teeth? (Partial anodontia)
Maxillary lateral incisors
What is dens in dente?
Tooth within a tooth
What is an anomaly?
A deviation from normal, usually related to embryonic development that may result in the absence, excess, or deformity of body parts
Define supernumerary teeth
Extra teeth
The most common anomaly in Tooth shape in the anterior region of the permanent dentition is the ____ _______ _______ ______
Peg- shaped lateral incisor
Describe twinning (germination)
A result from splitting of a single forming tooth; Notched;
Share a common root; extra tooth
Describe fusion
Union of two adjacent teeth.
With separate roots and pulp canals
What are two dental effects of a child with syphilis passed down from their mother?
Hutchinson’s incisors: Notched incisor edge
Mulberry Molars: first molars shaped like a mulberry; poorly developed cusps & multiple tiny tubercles
Concrescence?
Superficial fusion or growing together of only the cementum of two adjacent tooth roots
Bruxism?
Excessive grinding together of teeth
Attrition?
Wearing away of enamel due to movement of mandibular teeth against maxillary teeth during normal function
Abrasion?
The wearing away of tooth structure by mechanical means
Erosion?
Loss of tooth structure from chemical means
What is a tuberculum intermedium?
Tuberculum Sextum?
A third lingual cusp that develops on Mandibular Molars on the lingual surface.
The extra cusp were located on the distal marginal ridge
What is a Talon Cusp?
A small projection on the lingual surface of maxillary or mandibular anterior permanent teeth
What are small, round modules of enamel with a tiny core of Dentin called?
Enamel Pearls
What is Dilaceration?
A severe bend or angular distortion of a tooth root
Also called flexion to describe a sharp curvature or bend of a tooth root
Describe Hypercementosis
Formation of excess cementum around the root of a tooth after the tooth has erupted
Describe a labioversion tooth
Linguoversion?
When a tooth is located too far in the labial direction
When a tooth is located too lingual
Impacted teeth?
When teeth fail to erupt due to mechanical obstruction.
Most common teeth to be impacted are maxillary and mandibular third molars & maxillary canines
What is a slight rotation of a tooth called?
Torsiversion
Supraeruption?
When a tooth is erupted beyond the occlusal plane
Describe Ankylosis
Can be initiated by an infection or trauma to the periodontal ligament, resulting in the loss of its periodontal ligament space so the tooth root is truly fused to the alveolar process or bone.
An adult has only three maxillary incisor crowns, but one of the crowns is doubled in width and notched. What do you suspect?
Fusion
Dysplasia?
Generic term that indicates abnormal development
What are two things that can cause dysplasia?
Hypomineralization: too little mineral
Hypocalcification: too little calcium
What is hypoplasia?
Form of dysplasia that refers to an incomplete formation of a tissue
What is enamel dysplasia?
A term used to describe a disturbance in the enamel- forming cells (ameloblasts) during early enamel formation
Fluorosis?
A condition caused during enamel formation by the ingestion of a high concentration of fluoride
Amelogenesis Imperfecta?
Disorder that affects the enamel formation of both dentitions
What is Focal Hypoplasia?
An incomplete development of enamel seen as a localized discolored spot or deformed area on a tooth
